How to format your references using the European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Struhl K. Gene regulation. A paradigm for precision. Science. 2001;293:1054–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Nakar E, Piran T. Detectable radio flares following gravitational waves from mergers of binary neutron stars. Nature. 2011;478:82–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Schenk P, Matsuyama I, Nimmo F. True polar wander on Europa from global-scale small-circle depressions. Nature. 2008;453:368–71.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Wang PYT, Caspi L, Lam CKL, Chari M, Li X, Light PE, et al. Upper intestinal lipids trigger a gut-brain-liver axis to regulate glucose production. Nature. 2008;452:1012–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Center for Chemical Process Safety. Guidelines for Auditing Process Safety Management Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1992.

An edited book

1. Pollard AB, Duncan CB, editors. The Black Church Studies Reader. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Beach SA, Newsted JL, Coady K, Giesy JP. Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS). In: Albert LA, Voogt P de, Gerba CP, Hutzinger O, Knaak JB, Mayer FL, et al., editors. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology: Continuation of Residue Reviews. New York, NY: Springer; 2006. p. 133–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.

Blog post

1. Hale T. 50 Years Ago, We Were Taking The First Photos From The Moon [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/50-years-ago-we-were-taking-the-first-photos-from-the-moon/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Programs for Land-Grant Schools. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Mar. Report No.: HEHS-96-91R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Tan-atichat TP. Behavior of VNC in high-latency environments and techniques for improvement [Doctoral dissertation]. [La Jolla, CA]: University of California San Diego; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Cooper M. ‘The Third Tenor’ Exits. New York Times. 2017 Sep 22;C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging
ISSN (print)	1619-7070
ISSN (online)	1619-7089
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging