How to format your references using the European Journal of Medical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Medical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Sarewitz D. Sometimes science must give way to religion. Nature. 2012;488:431.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. O’Higgins P, Elton S. Anthropology. Walking on trees. Science. 2007;316:1292–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ruder WC, Lu T, Collins JJ. Synthetic biology moving into the clinic. Science. 2011;333:1248–52.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kim M, Canio W, Kessler S, Sinha N. Developmental changes due to long-distance movement of a homeobox fusion transcript in tomato. Science. 2001;293:287–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Britton M. YouthNation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

1. Jatoi I. Atlas of Breast Surgery. Kaufmann M, Petit JY, editors. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Zhang C, Zhang X, Du C. The Relevance of Spatial Relation Terms and Geographical Feature Types. In: Washio T, Luo J, editors. Emerging Trends in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining: PAKDD 2012 International Workshops: DMHM, GeoDoc, 3Clust, and DSDM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, May 29 – June 1, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 47–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Medical Research.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Stem Cells Have Been Used To Regenerate Damaged Monkey Hearts [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/stem-cells-used-regenerate-damaged-monkey-hearts/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Motor Vehicle Safety: A Review of the NTSB Report on Rear Seat Lap Belt Effectiveness. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987 Nov. Report No.: RCED-88-13.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Zbeeb K. Transport and dispersion of fire extinguishing agents downstream from clutter elements of aircraft engine nacelles [Doctoral dissertation]. [Boca Raton, FL]: Florida Atlantic University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. (nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Putin Removes Official. New York Times. 2002 Jan 5;A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Medical Research
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Med. Res.
ISSN (online)	2047-783X
Scope	General Medicine