How to format your references using the European Journal of Law and Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Law and Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kher, U. (2010). A call for collaboration. Nature, 466(7304), S21-2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Litchinitser, N. M., & Sun, J. (2015). APPLIED OPTICS. Optical meta-atoms: Going nonlinear. Science (New York, N.Y.), 350(6264), 1033–1034.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ma, H., Sun, H., & Sun, X. (2014). Survival improvement by decade of patients aged 0-14 years with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a SEER analysis. Scientific reports, 4, 4227.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Ito, T., Wellmer, F., Yu, H., Das, P., Ito, N., Alves-Ferreira, M., et al. (2004). The homeotic protein AGAMOUS controls microsporogenesis by regulation of SPOROCYTELESS. Nature, 430(6997), 356–360.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kossiakoff, A., & Sweet, W. N. (2005). Systems Engineering Principles and Practice. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Zhang, D. (2016). Discriminative Learning in Biometrics. (Y. Xu & W. Zuo, Eds.). Singapore: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Novo, J., Sierra, C. V., Santos, J., & Penedo, M. G. (2014). Using Evolved Artificial Neural Networks for Providing an Emergent Segmentation with an Active Net Model. In J. W. Tweedale & L. C. Jain (Eds.), Recent Advances in Knowledge-based Paradigms and Applications: Enhanced Applications Using Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Techniques (pp. 57–72). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Law and Economics.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2015, October 22). 23andMe Will Resume Giving Health Data In The US. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/23andme-will-resume-giving-health-data-us/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). Emergency Alerting: Capabilities Have Improved, but Additional Guidance and Testing Are Needed (No. GAO-13-375). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ithier-Guzman, W. (2010). Assessing the ability of soils and sediment to adsorb and retain cesium-137 in Puerto Rico (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. (2017, October 3). Injuries and Ineffectiveness Lead the Mets to ‘Reorganize and Restructure.’ New York Times, p. B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kher 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Kher 2010; Litchinitser and Sun 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Litchinitser and Sun 2015)
Three or more authors: (Ito et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Law and Economics
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Law Econ.
ISSN (print)	0929-1261
ISSN (online)	1572-9990
Scope	Business and International Management Economics and Econometrics Law