How to format your references using the European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Visbeck, M. (2002). Climate. The ocean’s role in Atlantic climate variability. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5590), 2223–2224.

A journal article with 2 authors

Klankermayer, J., & Leitner, W. (2015). CHEMISTRY. Love at second sight for CO₂ and H₂ in organic synthesis. Science (New York, N.Y.), 350(6261), 629–630.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kaiser, S. M., Malik, H. S., & Emerman, M. (2007). Restriction of an extinct retrovirus by the human TRIM5alpha antiviral protein. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5832), 1756–1758.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Plantenberg, J. H., de Groot, P. C., Harmans, C. J. P. M., & Mooij, J. E. (2007). Demonstration of controlled-NOT quantum gates on a pair of superconducting quantum bits. Nature, 447(7146), 836–839.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Neff, D. J., & Moss, R. C. (2011). The Future of Nonprofits. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Pascual, M. (2013). Epigenetic Approaches to Allergy Research (S. Roa, Ed.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Karlsson, H., Kontush, A., & James, R. W. (2015). Functionality of HDL: Antioxidation and Detoxifying Effects. In A. von Eckardstein & D. Kardassis (Eds.), High Density Lipoproteins: From Biological Understanding to Clinical Exploitation (pp. 207–228). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, May 28). Watch An Enormous Jet Of Gas Erupt From A Massive Black Hole. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/galactic-puff-breaks-speed-light/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). Tax Administration: Achieving Business and Technical Goals In Tax Systems Modernization (T-GGD-93-24). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Maitland, J. (2017). Differences in Perceived Organizational Justice Based Upon Overall Performance Appraisal Ratings [Doctoral dissertation]. Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2002, April 7). Décolletage Is Not the Rage At This Victoria’s Secret. New York Times, 148.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Visbeck, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Klankermayer & Leitner, 2015; Visbeck, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Klankermayer & Leitner, 2015)
Three authors: (Kaiser et al., 2007)
6 or more authors: (Plantenberg et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering
ISSN (print)	1964-8189
ISSN (online)	2116-7214
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Environmental Engineering