How to format your references using the European Journal of Business and Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Business and Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ohnaka, M. (2004). Geophysics. Rupture in the laboratory. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5665), 1788–1789.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kiatpongsan, S., & Sipp, D. (2009). Medicine. Monitoring and regulating offshore stem cell clinics. Science (New York, N.Y.), 323(5921), 1564–1565.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nakagaki, T., Yamada, H., & Tóth, A. (2000). Maze-solving by an amoeboid organism. Nature, 407(6803), 470.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hood, E., Fellman, J., Spencer, R. G. M., Hernes, P. J., Edwards, R., D’Amore, D., & Scott, D. (2009). Glaciers as a source of ancient and labile organic matter to the marine environment. Nature, 462(7276), 1044–1047.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pagliaro, M. (2010). Nano-Age. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Kern, T. A. (Ed.). (2009). Engineering Haptic Devices: A Beginner’s Guide for Engineers. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Barrot, N., Gourvès, L., Lang, J., Monnot, J., & Ries, B. (2013). Possible Winners in Approval Voting. In P. Perny, M. Pirlot, & A. Tsoukiàs (Eds.), Algorithmic Decision Theory: Third International Conference, ADT 2013, Bruxelles, Belgium, November 12-14, 2013, Proceedings (pp. 57–70). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Business and Economics.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2016, December 19). Pottery Remnants Reveal What Was Cooking 10,000 Years Ago. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/pottery-remnants-reveal-what-was-cooking-10000-years-ago/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). Contract Award Practices: Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority Generally Observes Competitive Principles (RCED-93-63). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kelly, J. C. (2012). The fluid evolution of the Mount Mica and Irish Pit pegmatites, Maine: Evidence from stable isotopes [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, D. A. (2006, September 18). Drink Lots of Fluids, and Save Time for a Frisking. New York Times, SPG2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ohnaka, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Kiatpongsan & Sipp, 2009; Ohnaka, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kiatpongsan & Sipp, 2009)
Three authors: (Nakagaki et al., 2000)
6 or more authors: (Hood et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Business and Economics
ISSN (print)	1804-5839
ISSN (online)	1804-9699
Scope