How to format your references using the European Journal of Business and Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Business and Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buchen, L. (2009). Snapshot: The guts of a dying star. Nature, 460(7256), 671.

A journal article with 2 authors

Steltzer, H., & Post, E. (2009). Ecology. Seasons and life cycles. Science (New York, N.Y.), 324(5929), 886–887.

A journal article with 3 authors

Khudiyev, T., Huseyinoglu, E., & Bayindir, M. (2014). Non-resonant Mie scattering: emergent optical properties of core-shell polymer nanowires. Scientific Reports, 4, 4607.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Decker, R. B., Krimigis, S. M., Roelof, E. C., Hill, M. E., Armstrong, T. P., Gloeckler, G., Hamilton, D. C., & Lanzerotti, L. J. (2005). Voyager 1 in the foreshock, termination shock, and heliosheath. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309(5743), 2020–2024.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schulze, V. (2005). Modern Mechanical Surface Treatment. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Bavry, A. A. (2009). Acute Coronary Syndromes in Clinical Practice (D. L. Bhatt, Ed.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Moot, R., & Retoré, C. (2012). The Multimodal Lambek Calculus. In C. Retoré (Ed.), The Logic of Categorial Grammars: A Deductive Account of Natural Language Syntax and Semantics (pp. 149–191). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Business and Economics.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2014, October 16). The Chemistry of Pizza. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1998). FCC: Unlicensed NII Devices in the 5 GHz Frequency Range (OGC-98-72). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fernandes, J. M. (2017). Physical and chemical properties of Jupiter’s north and south polar vortex revealed through mid-infrared imaging [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M. (1993, January 2). Clinton, Off and Running, Sees the Sun Rise on ’93. New York Times, 18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Buchen, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Buchen, 2009; Steltzer & Post, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Steltzer & Post, 2009)
Three authors: (Khudiyev et al., 2014)
6 or more authors: (Decker et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Business and Economics
ISSN (print)	1804-5839
ISSN (online)	1804-9699
Scope