How to format your references using the European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buckingham S (2003) Finding your way. Nature 425:209

A journal article with 2 authors

Krivtsov AV, Armstrong SA (2012) Cancer. Can one cell influence cancer heterogeneity? Science 338:1035–1036

A journal article with 3 authors

Brown ET, Molnar P, Bourlès DL (2005) Comment on “Slip-rate measurements on the Karakorum Fault may imply secular variations in fault motion.” Science 309:1326; author reply 1326

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xu W, Li W, Jiang P, et al (2014) Distinct temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition in forest organic layer and mineral soil. Sci Rep 4:6512

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bech S, Zacharov N (2006) Perceptual Audio Evaluation-Theory, Method and Application. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Jetter A, Schröder H-H, Kraaijenbrink J, Wijnhoven F (2006) Knowledge Integration: The Practice of Knowledge Management in Small and Medium Enterprises. Physica-Verlag HD, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Khojasteh SC, Wong H, Hop CECA (2011) Metabolism-Based Drug Interactions. In: Wong H, Hop CECA (eds) Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Quick Guide. Springer, New York, NY, pp 73–95

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) Latest Dark Matter Survey Finds Inconsistencies With Previous Observations. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/latest-dark-matter-survey-finds-inconsistencies-with-previous-observations/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) Air Traffic Control: Immature Software Acquisition Processes Increase FAA System Acquisition Risks. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kim CS (2017) Electronic Transport of Thin Crystals in Ruthenium Chloride. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Prochnik G (2013) I’m Thinking. Please. Be Quiet. New York Times SR4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
Abbreviation	Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci.
ISSN (print)	0940-1334
ISSN (online)	1433-8491
Scope	General Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Psychiatry and Mental health Biological Psychiatry