How to format your references using the European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Evans DAD (2006) Proterozoic low orbital obliquity and axial-dipolar geomagnetic field from evaporite palaeolatitudes. Nature 444:51–55

A journal article with 2 authors

Read SM, Bacic T (2002) Plant biology. Prime time for cellulose. Science 295:59–60

A journal article with 3 authors

Batson PE, Dellby N, Krivanek OL (2002) Sub-ångstrom resolution using aberration corrected electron optics. Nature 418:617–620

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhang B, Zhang Y, Wang Z, et al (2014) Candidate quantum spin liquid due to dimensional reduction of a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. Sci Rep 4:6451

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fernando A, Worrall ST, Ekmekcioǧlu E (2013) 3DTV. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Engquist B (2015) Encyclopedia of Applied and Computational Mathematics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Ferrari LT, Schaefer CEGR, Fernandes RBA, et al (2016) Thermic and Hydric Dynamics of Ironstone (Canga) and Quartzite Rupestrian Grasslands in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero: The Ecological Importance of Water. In: Fernandes GW (ed) Ecology and Conservation of Mountaintop grasslands in Brazil. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 71–85

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) What Is The Speed Of Dark? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Important Progress Made, Yet Much Work Remains to Avoid Disruption of Critical Services. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bourne BB (2009) Phenomenological study of response to organizational change: Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK (2004) World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Dalai Lama Arrives. New York Times A6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
Abbreviation	Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol.
ISSN (print)	0937-4477
ISSN (online)	1434-4726
Scope	General Medicine Otorhinolaryngology

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