How to format your references using the European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Butterworth A (2014) The moral problem with commercial seal hunting. Nature 509:9

A journal article with 2 authors

Famiglietti JS, Rodell M (2013) Environmental science. Water in the balance. Science 340:1300–1301

A journal article with 3 authors

Liu F, Bakht S, Dean C (2012) Cotranscriptional role for Arabidopsis DICER-LIKE 4 in transcription termination. Science 335:1621–1623

A journal article with 5 or more authors

McKeever J, Boca A, Boozer AD, et al (2003) Experimental realization of a one-atom laser in the regime of strong coupling. Nature 425:268–271

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Askoolum A (2007) System Building with APL + Win. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Gunopulos D, Hofmann T, Malerba D, Vazirgiannis M (2011) Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: European Conference, ECML PKDD 2011, Athens, Greece, September 5-9, 2011, Proceedings, Part III. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Schneider U, Österle A (2007) Fiscal Competition and Activist Social Policy. In: Andersson K, Eberhartinger E, Oxelheim L (eds) National Tax Policy in Europe: To Be or Not to Be? Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 69–83

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2017) Scientists Spot Rare “Dragon-Skin” In Antarctica. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1974) Review of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare’s Actions To Carry Out the Provisions of the National Cooley’s Anemia Control Act. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Veru PT (2009) The National-Dobro Guitar Company: How the resonator guitar survived the age of electric amplification. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy MJO (2015) Weekend Entertainments From the Archives of The New York Times. New York Times C25

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
Abbreviation	Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol.
ISSN (print)	0937-4477
ISSN (online)	1434-4726
Scope	General Medicine Otorhinolaryngology