How to format your references using the European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Forde A (2005) The class of 2005: Germany. Tracking pollutants. Science 310:521

A journal article with 2 authors

Gong C, Maquat LE (2011) lncRNAs transactivate STAU1-mediated mRNA decay by duplexing with 3’ UTRs via Alu elements. Nature 470:284–288

A journal article with 3 authors

Forde SE, Thompson JN, Bohannan BJM (2004) Adaptation varies through space and time in a coevolving host-parasitoid interaction. Nature 431:841–844

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Minokoshi Y, Kim Y-B, Peroni OD, et al (2002) Leptin stimulates fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. Nature 415:339–343

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sato T, Kammen DM, Duan B, et al (2015) Smart Grid Standards. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, Singapore

An edited book

Cherny AS (2005) Singular Stochastic Differential Equations. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Semm T, Greene K (2013) Globalization, Aging, and the Power of the Image. In: Arxer SL, Murphy JW (eds) The Symbolism of Globalization, Development, and Aging. Springer, New York, NY, pp 59–66

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) No Bones About It: Sharks Evolved Cartilage For A Reason. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/no-bones-about-it-sharks-evolved-cartilage-reason/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2013) Puerto Rico: Characteristics of the Island’s Maritime Trade and Potential Effects of Modifying the Jones Act. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stuart K (2013) The Relationship Between Weather and Lunar Changes on Student Achievement and Measures School Districts Utilize to Combat Potential Impact. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg B (2017) Tennis Divided by Wild Cards for Sharapova. New York Times B8

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
Abbreviation	Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol.
ISSN (print)	0937-4477
ISSN (online)	1434-4726
Scope	General Medicine Otorhinolaryngology