How to format your references using the European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Dalton R. California stem-cell institute fights legal challenges. Nature 2005;435:544.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Gaensler BM, Frail DA. A large age for the pulsar B1757-24 from an upper limit on its proper motion. Nature 2000;406:158–60.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Baskin A, Sadeghpour HR, Král P. Correlated diskoid-like electronic states. Sci Rep 2014;4:5913.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Bouquet F, Marcenat C, Steep E, Calemczuk R, Kwok WK, Welp U, et al. An unusual phase transition to a second liquid vortex phase in the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7. Nature 2001;411:448–51.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

de Gyurky SM. The Cognitive Dynamics of Computer Science. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

[1]

Gao H, Lim L, Wang W, Li C, Chen L, editors. Web-Age Information Management: 13th International Conference, WAIM 2012, Harbin, China, August 18-20, 2012. Proceedings. vol. 7418. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Honna N, Takeshita Y. English as an International Language and Three Challenging Issues in English Language Teaching in Japan. In: Marlina R, Giri RA, editors. The Pedagogy of English as an International Language: Perspectives from Scholars, Teachers, and Students, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014, p. 65–77.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck diseases.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. GM Crops: An Uneasy Truce Hangs Over Europe. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/gm-crops-uneasy-truce-hangs-over-europe/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. The Fight Against Infant Mortality. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Hurwitz BL. Viral community dynamics and functional specialization in the Pacific Ocean. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kelly M. Clinton Chats With Reagan, Then Heads Out to the Mall. New York Times 1992:17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck diseases
Abbreviation	Eur. Ann. Otorhinolaryngol. Head Neck Dis.
ISSN (print)	1879-7296
Scope	Otorhinolaryngology Surgery