How to format your references using the Ethnomusicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ethnomusicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cook, Nicholas. 2008. “Beyond the Notes.” Nature 453(7199):1186–87.

A journal article with 2 authors

Trautmann, A., and E. Vivier. 2001. “Immunology. Agrin--a Bridge between the Nervous and Immune Systems.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 292(5522):1667–68.

A journal article with 3 authors

Milo, Anat, Elizabeth N. Bess, and Matthew S. Sigman. 2014. “Interrogating Selectivity in Catalysis Using Molecular Vibrations.” Nature 507(7491):210–14.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Hidalgo Carcedo, Cristina, Matteo Bonazzi, Stefania Spanò, Gabriele Turacchio, Antonino Colanzi, Alberto Luini, and Daniela Corda. 2004. “Mitotic Golgi Partitioning Is Driven by the Membrane-Fissioning Protein CtBP3/BARS.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 305(5680):93–96.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Crane, Sam. 2013. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Dao. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Basualdo, Marta S., Diego Feroldi, and Rachid Outbib, eds. 2012. PEM Fuel Cells with Bio-Ethanol Processor Systems: A Multidisciplinary Study of Modelling, Simulation, Fault Diagnosis and Advanced Control. Green Energy and Technology. London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen, You, C. Kay Holtman, Arnaud Taton, and Susan S. Golden. 2012. “Functional Analysis of the Synechococcus Elongatus PCC 7942 Genome.” In Functional Genomics and Evolution of Photosynthetic Systems, edited by Robert Burnap and Wim Vermaas, 119–37. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ethnomusicology.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. 2016. “Health Check: What Controls Our Sex Drive? When And Why Do We Feel Like Sex?” IFLScience. IFLScience. September 29. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/health-check-what-controls-our-sex-drive-when-and-why-do-we-feel-like-sex/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1986. “The Condition of Information on Education.” 129118. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wilson, Lindsay A. 2014. “An Exploratory Study of the Impact of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support on Bullying.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, Mary. 2012. “Earning a Royal Silver, as Britain Continues Its Wait for a Gold.” New York Times, August 1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cook 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Cook 2008; Trautmann and Vivier 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Trautmann and Vivier 2001)
Three or more authors: (Hidalgo Carcedo et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ethnomusicology
ISSN (print)	0014-1836
ISSN (online)	2156-7417
Scope	Music Anthropology Cultural Studies