How to format your references using the Ethnography and Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ethnography and Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Benford, G. 2001. “Where Might It Lead?” Nature 414 (6862): 399.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vendruscolo, Michele, and Christopher M. Dobson. 2006. “Structural Biology. Dynamic Visions of Enzymatic Reactions.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 313 (5793): 1586–1587.

A journal article with 3 authors

Talkington, Megan W. T., Gary Siuzdak, and James R. Williamson. 2005. “An Assembly Landscape for the 30S Ribosomal Subunit.” Nature 438 (7068): 628–632.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Smith, C. I., A. T. Chamberlain, M. S. Riley, A. Cooper, C. B. Stringer, and M. J. Collins. 2001. “Neanderthal DNA. Not Just Old but Old and Cold?” Nature 410 (6830): 771–772.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Anson, Edward M. 2014. Alexander’s Heirs. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

de la Peña, Luis. 2015. The Emerging Quantum: The Physics Behind Quantum Mechanics. Edited by Ana María Cetto and Andrea Valdés Hernández. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Rogers, Connie J., Lisa H. Colbert, Susan N. Perkins, and Stephen D. Hursting. 2011. “Calorie Restriction, Exercise, and Colon Cancer Prevention: A Mechanistic Perspective.” In Physical Activity, Dietary Calorie Restriction, and Cancer, edited by Anne McTiernan, 69–97. New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ethnography and Education.

Blog post

Davis, Josh. 2016. “Neurons In Mice Found To Be Influenced By Environment Rather Than Genetics.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/neurons-in-mice-found-to-be-influenced-by-environment-rather-than-genetics/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1977. Centralized Subsystem for Paying Officers in the Commissioned Corps of the Public Health Service. FGMSD-77-23. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Klein, Krystal A. 2009. “Vocabulary Acquisition via Cross-Situational Learning.” Doctoral dissertation, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dinardo, Kelly. 2013. “Laetitia Trouillet, Designer, on the Shops and Souks of Marrakesh.” New York Times, December 15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Benford 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Benford 2001; Vendruscolo and Dobson 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vendruscolo and Dobson 2006)
Three authors: (Talkington, Siuzdak, and Williamson 2005)
4 or more authors: (Smith et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ethnography and Education
ISSN (print)	1745-7823
ISSN (online)	1745-7831
Scope	Education Cultural Studies Gender Studies