How to format your references using the Ethnobiology and Conservation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ethnobiology and Conservation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Clutton-Brock T (2007) Sexual selection in males and females. Science (New York, N.Y.) 318:1882–1885

A journal article with 2 authors

Baker MB, Peter T (2008) Small-scale cloud processes and climate. Nature 451:299–300

A journal article with 3 authors

Queitsch C, Sangster TA, Lindquist S (2002) Hsp90 as a capacitor of phenotypic variation. Nature 417:618–624

A journal article with 4 or more authors

King AA, Ionides EL, Pascual M, Bouma MJ (2008) Inapparent infections and cholera dynamics. Nature 454:877–880

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Boero R (2015) Behavioral Computational Social Science. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

(2006) Spin Dynamics in Confined Magnetic Structures III. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Du D, Jiang B, Shi P (2015) Sensor Fault Estimation and Accommodation for Discrete-Time Switched Systems. In: Jiang B, Shi P (eds) Fault Tolerant Control for Switched Linear Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 47–60

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ethnobiology and Conservation.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) The Scientific Way to Cut a Cake. [https://www.iflscience.com/technology/scientific-way-cut-cake/] Accessed October 30, 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) School Lunch Program: Efforts Needed to Improve Nutrition and Encourage Healthy Eating. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Skutt S (2017) Midlife Metamorphosis: Archetypal Imaginal Psychology in Midlife Rite of Passage. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Daoud K (2017) The French Disconnection. New York Times A27

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Clutton-Brock 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Baker and Peter 2008; Clutton-Brock 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Baker and Peter 2008)
Three or more authors: (King et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ethnobiology and Conservation
ISSN (online)	2238-4782
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Plant Science Ecology Nature and Landscape Conservation Anthropology