How to format your references using the Erkenntnis citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Erkenntnis. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gaudet, A. (2015). A grad school survival guide. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347(6228), 1386.

A journal article with 2 authors

Macnaghten, P., & Owen, R. (2011). Environmental science: good governance for geoengineering. Nature, 479(7373), 293.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jones, M. H., Bewsher, D., & Brown, D. S. (2013). Imaging of a circumsolar dust ring near the orbit of Venus. Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6161), 960–963.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Frank, C. G., Sanyal, S., Rush, J. S., Waechter, C. J., & Menon, A. K. (2008). Does Rft1 flip an N-glycan lipid precursor? Nature, 454(7204), E3-4; discussion E4-5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Klee, L. (2015). International Construction Contract Law. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Murgante, B., Gervasi, O., Misra, S., Nedjah, N., Rocha, A. M. A. C., Taniar, D., & Apduhan, B. O. (Eds.). (2012). Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2012: 12th International Conference, Salvador de Bahia, Brazil, June 18-21, 2012, Proceedings, Part III (Vol. 7335). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Dobrescu, R., & Ichim, L. (2008). Automatic Data Acquisition and Signal Processing in the Field of Virology. In P. Perner & O. Salvetti (Eds.), Advances in Mass Data Analysis of Images and Signals in Medicine, Biotechnology, Chemistry and Food Industry: Third International Conference, MDA 2008 Leipzig, Germany, July 14, 2008 Proceedings (pp. 52–61). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Erkenntnis.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, September 29). Bats Mistaken Wind Turbines For Trees. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bats-mistaken-wind-turbines-trees/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1994). Local Tax Abatement (No. HEHS-94-84R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gogri, D. (2017). Effect of Water Hardness on Adsorption of Lead From Aqueous Solutions Using Douglas Fir Biochar (Doctoral dissertation). Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt), S. K. (2004, May 21). World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Miners’ Hunger Strike. New York Times, p. A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gaudet 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Gaudet 2015; Macnaghten and Owen 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Macnaghten and Owen 2011)
Three or more authors: (Frank et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Erkenntnis
Abbreviation	Erkenntnis
ISSN (print)	0165-0106
ISSN (online)	1572-8420
Scope	Philosophy Logic