How to format your references using the Ergonomics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ergonomics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

A’Hearn, M. F. 2000. “The Comet No One Saw.” Nature 405 (6784): 285, 287.

A journal article with 2 authors

Leonhardt, Ulf, and Tomás Tyc. 2009. “Broadband Invisibility by Non-Euclidean Cloaking.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 323 (5910): 110–112.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rubenstein, Michael, Alejandro Cornejo, and Radhika Nagpal. 2014. “Robotics. Programmable Self-Assembly in a Thousand-Robot Swarm.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 345 (6198): 795–799.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Wu, J. J., J. F. Lin, X. C. Wang, Q. Q. Liu, J. L. Zhu, Y. M. Xiao, P. Chow, and C. Q. Jin. 2014. “Magnetic and Structural Transitions of SrFe2As2 at High Pressure and Low Temperature.” Scientific Reports 4 (January 2014): 3685.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grimble, Michael J. 2006. Robust Industrial Control Systems. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An edited book

Bader, Markus. 2006. CASE AND LINKING IN LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION: Evidence from German. Edited by Josef Bayer. Vol. 34. STUDIES IN THEORETICAL PSYCHOLINGUISTICS. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Chervenak, Ann, and Shishir Bharathi. 2008. “Peer-to-Peer Approaches to Grid Resource Discovery.” In Making Grids Work: Proceedings of the CoreGRID Workshop on Programming Models Grid and P2P System Architecture Grid Systems, Tools and Environments 12-13 June 2007, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, edited by Paraskevi Fragopoulou and Vladimir Getov, 59–76. Boston, MA: Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ergonomics.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “Of Cats And Cliffs: The Ethical Dilemmas Of The Driverless Car.” IFLScience, IFLScience, October 30. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/cats-and-cliffs-ethical-dilemmas-driverless-car/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1977. The Title I Program for the Handicapped. 103696. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Djajalaksana, Yenni M. 2011. “A National Survey of Instructional Strategies Used to Teach Information Systems Courses: An Exploratory Investigation.” Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dominus, Susan. 2016. “Halls of Justice.” New York Times, September 7, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (A’Hearn 2000).
This sentence cites two references (A’Hearn 2000; Leonhardt and Tyc 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Leonhardt and Tyc 2009)
Three authors: (Rubenstein, Cornejo, and Nagpal 2014)
4 or more authors: (Wu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ergonomics
Abbreviation	Ergonomics
ISSN (print)	0014-0139
ISSN (online)	1366-5847
Scope	Human Factors and Ergonomics Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation