How to format your references using the Ergonomics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ergonomics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Roses, A. D. 2000. “Pharmacogenetics and the Practice of Medicine.” Nature 405 (6788): 857–865.

A journal article with 2 authors

Murphy, John J., and Paolo Melchiorre. 2015. “Organic Chemistry: Light Opens Pathways for Nickel Catalysis.” Nature 524 (7565): 297–298.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen, Rui-Pin, Khian-Hooi Chew, and Sailing He. 2013. “Dynamic Control of Collapse in a Vortex Airy Beam.” Scientific Reports 3: 1406.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Aouadi, Myriam, Gregory J. Tesz, Sarah M. Nicoloro, Mengxi Wang, My Chouinard, Ernesto Soto, Gary R. Ostroff, and Michael P. Czech. 2009. “Orally Delivered SiRNA Targeting Macrophage Map4k4 Suppresses Systemic Inflammation.” Nature 458 (7242): 1180–1184.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kelly, Virginia A. 2015. ADDICTION in the Family: What Every Counselor Needs to Know. Alexandria, USA: American Counseling Association.

An edited book

Mizio, Roberto Di, and Mariano Scaglione, eds. 2007. Ileo Meccanico Dell’intestino Tenue: Aspetti TC e Correlazioni Eco-Radiografiche. Milano: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Analide, Cesar, António Abelha, José Machado, and José Neves. 2008. “An Agent Based Approach to the Selection Dilemma in CBR.” In Intelligent Distributed Computing, Systems and Applications: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing – IDC 2008, Catania, Italy, 2008, edited by Costin Badica, Giuseppe Mangioni, Vincenza Carchiolo, and Dumitru Dan Burdescu, 35–44. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ergonomics.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. 2016. “The Hobbit Took Our Breath Away: Now It’s The New Normal.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/the-hobbit-took-our-breath-away-now-its-the-new-normal/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1993. Telecommunications: Charges for Itemized Cellular Telephone Bills. RCED-93-214FS. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith, Jill M. 2012. “(Un)Working Binaries, (Un)Doing Privilege: Narratives of Teachers Who Make Safe Spaces for LGBTQ Students.” Doctoral dissertation, Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, Kelly. 2000. “The Way We Live Now: 8-13-00: ShopTalk; Put Me In, Dad.” New York Times, August 13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Roses 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Roses 2000; Murphy and Melchiorre 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Murphy and Melchiorre 2015)
Three authors: (Chen, Chew, and He 2013)
4 or more authors: (Aouadi et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ergonomics
Abbreviation	Ergonomics
ISSN (print)	0014-0139
ISSN (online)	1366-5847
Scope	Human Factors and Ergonomics Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation