How to format your references using the Environments citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environments. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Westall, F. Evolution. Life on the Early Earth: A Sedimentary View. Science 2005, 308, 366–367.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mitra, P.P.; Stark, J.B. Nonlinear Limits to the Information Capacity of Optical Fibre Communications. Nature 2001, 411, 1027–1030.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hernández, J.V.; Kay, E.R.; Leigh, D.A. A Reversible Synthetic Rotary Molecular Motor. Science 2004, 306, 1532–1537.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Van Damme, R.; Wilson, R.S.; Vanhooydonck, B.; Aerts, P. Performance Constraints in Decathletes. Nature 2002, 415, 755–756.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Loriaux, D.L. A Biographical History of Endocrinology; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2016; ISBN 9781119205791.

An edited book

Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences: 7th International Symposium; Lamarche, G., Mountjoy, J., Bull, S., Hubble, T., Krastel, S., Lane, E., Micallef, A., Moscardelli, L., Mueller, C., Pecher, I., Woelz, S., Eds.; Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research; 1st ed. 2016.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2016; Vol. 41; ISBN 9783319209784.

A chapter in an edited book

Sanchez-Sotelo, J. Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Distal Humerus Fractures and Nonunions. In Essential Techniques in Elbow Surgery; Antuña, S., Barco, R., Eds.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2016; pp. 41–58 ISBN 9783319315737.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environments.

Blog post

Andrew, D. Common Lumps And Bumps On And Under The Skin: What Are They? Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/common-lumps-and-bumps-on-and-under-the-skin-what-are-they/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Missouri River Navigation: Data on Commodity Shipments for Four States Served by the Missouri River and Two States Served by Both the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2009;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Seger, J.L. The Occupy Movement: Signs of Cultural Shifts in Group Processes Shaped by Place. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute: Carpinteria, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, C. ‘Big Rich Texas’ Becomes an Unlikely Reality-TV Hit. New York Times 2012, A33B.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Environments
ISSN (online)	2076-3298
Scope

Research and Writing Guides