How to format your references using the Environmental Fluid Mechanics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Fluid Mechanics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pauly D (2007) Obituary: Ransom Aldrich Myers (1952-2007). Nature 447:160

A journal article with 2 authors

Mulch A, Chamberlain CP (2006) Earth science: the rise and growth of Tibet. Nature 439:670–671

A journal article with 3 authors

Kaiser SM, Malik HS, Emerman M (2007) Restriction of an extinct retrovirus by the human TRIM5alpha antiviral protein. Science 316:1756–1758

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Cabantous S, Nguyen HB, Pedelacq J-D, et al (2013) A new protein-protein interaction sensor based on tripartite split-GFP association. Sci Rep 3:2854

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Müller G, Ponick B (2005) Grundlagen elektrischer Maschinen. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG

An edited book

Bajo-Rubio O (2011) Macroeconomic Analysis of Monetary Unions: A General Framework Based on the Mundell-Fleming Model. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Nicolau M, Costelloe D (2014) Size Does Not Matter: Evolving Parameters for a Cayley Graph Visualiser Using 64 Bits. In: Romero J, McDermott J, Correia J (eds) Evolutionary and Biologically Inspired Music, Sound, Art and Design: Third European Conference, EvoMUSART 2014, Granada, Spain, April 23-25, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 38–49

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Fluid Mechanics.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) The Mountain From “Game of Thrones” Reveals What He Has To Eat To Maintain His Mass. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/mountain-game-thrones-reveals-his-insane-diet/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1973) U.S. Agencies Could Benefit by Better Management of ADP Activities of Government Contractors. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hess JP (2012) Exploring the Challenges of Training and Developing Millennials in the Business Environment. Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S (2001) MORE 65-M.P.H. ZONES. New York Times 14NJ6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Fluid Mechanics
Abbreviation	Environ. Fluid Mech. (Dordr.)
ISSN (print)	1567-7419
ISSN (online)	1573-1510
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology