How to format your references using the Environmental Earth Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Earth Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Larson RG (2011) Materials science. Predicting the flow of real polymers. Science 333:1834–1835

A journal article with 2 authors

Ravi M, Chan SWL (2010) Haploid plants produced by centromere-mediated genome elimination. Nature 464:615–618

A journal article with 3 authors

Ehrlich PR, Kareiva PM, Daily GC (2012) Securing natural capital and expanding equity to rescale civilization. Nature 486:68–73

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Jia H, Guo Y, Zhao W, Wang K (2014) Long-range PCR in next-generation sequencing: comparison of six enzymes and evaluation on the MiSeq sequencer. Sci Rep 4:5737

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Laycock J, Meeran K (2012) Integrated Endocrinology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Freddi A (2015) Experimental Stress Analysis for Materials and Structures: Stress Analysis Models for Developing Design Methodologies. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Bueno NP (2015) Assessing the Role of Network Effects in Propagation Phenomena in Real World Networks. In: Król D, Fay D, Gabryś B (eds) Propagation Phenomena in Real World Networks. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 91–106

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Earth Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) I Fucking Love Science Teams Up With The Science Channel To Curate The Best Science Content On The Web. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/i-fucking-love-science-teams-science-channel-curate-best-science-content-web/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1976) Why NASA’s Property Accounting and Control System Should Be Improved. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Spowart SA (2014) Long-Term Mindfulness Meditation: Anxiety, Depression, Stress and Pain, Is There A Connection For Public Health? Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY JC Jr, Alani H (2017) Man Who Pushed Passenger Who Died on Subway Tracks Is Acquitted. New York Times A19

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Larson 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Ravi and Chan 2010; Larson 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ravi and Chan 2010)
Three or more authors: (Jia et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Earth Sciences
Abbreviation	Environ. Earth Sci.
ISSN (print)	1866-6280
ISSN (online)	1866-6299
Scope	Soil Science Earth-Surface Processes Geology Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change Pollution Water Science and Technology