How to format your references using the Environmental Earth Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Earth Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Manoharan VN (2015) COLLOIDS. Colloidal matter: Packing, geometry, and entropy. Science 349:1253751

A journal article with 2 authors

Liberman N, Trope Y (2008) The psychology of transcending the here and now. Science 322:1201–1205

A journal article with 3 authors

Kalisz S, Vogler DW, Hanley KM (2004) Context-dependent autonomous self-fertilization yields reproductive assurance and mixed mating. Nature 430:884–887

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Turner JL, Beck SC, Crosthwaite LP, et al (2003) An extragalactic supernebula confined by gravity. Nature 423:621–623

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Storey IC, Allan A (2008) A Guide to Ancient Greek Drama. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Zhou Y (2012) Empirical Analysis on Income Inequality of Chinese Residents. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

VanDuzer JA (2015) NAFTA’s Approach to Protecting Public Services: Fragmentary, Asymmetrical, Rigid and Limited. In: Krajewski M (ed) Services of General Interest Beyond the Single Market: External and International Law Dimensions. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague, pp 111–160

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Earth Sciences.

Blog post

Taub B (2015) Sleepwalkers Who Injure Themselves Don’t Feel Pain Until They Wake Up. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/sleepwalkers-who-injure-themselves-don-t-feel-pain-until-they-wake/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1976) Survey of the DOL Activities With Regard to Assistance Furnished to Non-Reservation Indians. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hernandez I (2017) Strong-DISM: A First Attempt to a Dynamically Typed Assembly Language (D-TAL). Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2007) State Court Blocks Synagogue’s Expansion. New York Times 14LI2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Manoharan 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Liberman and Trope 2008; Manoharan 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liberman and Trope 2008)
Three or more authors: (Turner et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Earth Sciences
Abbreviation	Environ. Earth Sci.
ISSN (print)	1866-6280
ISSN (online)	1866-6299
Scope	Soil Science Earth-Surface Processes Geology Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change Pollution Water Science and Technology