How to format your references using the Environment and Planning A citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environment and Planning A. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kreeger K, 2002, “Private foundations push for higher postdoc salaries” Nature 415(6868) 5

A journal article with 2 authors

Van de Walle C G, Neugebauer J, 2003, “Universal alignment of hydrogen levels in semiconductors, insulators and solutions” Nature 423(6940) 626–628

A journal article with 3 authors

Martinez-Perez E, Shaw P, Moore G, 2001, “The Ph1 locus is needed to ensure specific somatic and meiotic centromere association” Nature 411(6834) 204–207

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Yu L, Liu J, Wu K, Klein T, Jiang Y, Wang J-P, 2014, “Evaluation of hyperthermia of magnetic nanoparticles by dehydrating DNA” Scientific reports 4 7216

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sturges R H Jr, 2014 Practical Field Robotics (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK)

An edited book

Kelly R, 2005 Control of Robot Manipulators in Joint Space Eds V S Davila and A Loría (Springer, London)

A chapter in an edited book

Balawi S, Khalaf K, Hitt G W, 2016, “Leveraging Pedagogical Innovations for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education in the Middle East Context”, in Advances in Engineering Education in the Middle East and North Africa: Current Status, and Future Insights Eds M Abdulwahed, M O Hasna, and J E Froyd (Springer International Publishing, Cham), pp 59–115

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environment and Planning A.

Blog post

Hale T, 2015, “Watch What Happens When You Blow A Bubble In The Winter In Calgary” IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/check-out-bubble-freezing/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1985, “Status of the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Modernization Program”, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lytle S C, 2010 Giving voice to the past: New editions of select repertoire of the 26th Regiment Band, North Carolina troops, C.S.A, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon M R, Kakol K, 2017, “Turkish Warplanes Target Kurdish Fighters Allied With U.S. in Iraq and Syria” New York Times A10

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kreeger, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Kreeger, 2002; Van de Walle and Neugebauer, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Van de Walle and Neugebauer, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Yu et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environment and Planning A
Abbreviation	Environ. Plan. A
ISSN (print)	0308-518X
Scope	Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Geography, Planning and Development