How to format your references using the Environment and Planning A citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environment and Planning A. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mueller K L, 2015, “Cancer immunology and immunotherapy. Realizing the promise. Introduction” Science (New York, N.Y.) 348(6230) 54–55

A journal article with 2 authors

Shedlock D J, Shen H, 2003, “Requirement for CD4 T cell help in generating functional CD8 T cell memory” Science (New York, N.Y.) 300(5617) 337–339

A journal article with 3 authors

Xu X, Su Y, Fan Z H, 2014, “Cotinine concentration in serum correlates with tobacco smoke-induced emphysema in mice” Scientific reports 4 3864

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Bernath P F, Shayesteh A, Tereszchuk K, Colin R, 2002, “The vibration-rotation emission spectrum of free BeH2” Science (New York, N.Y.) 297(5585) 1323–1324

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sigee D C, 2005 Freshwater Microbiology (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK)

An edited book

Hildt E, Franke A G eds, 2013 Cognitive Enhancement: An Interdisciplinary Perspective (Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht)

A chapter in an edited book

Gerónimo D, López A M, 2014, “Datasets and Benchmarking”, in Vision-based Pedestrian Protection Systems for Intelligent Vehicles Ed A M López SpringerBriefs in Computer Science (Springer, New York, NY), pp 87–93

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environment and Planning A.

Blog post

Hale T, 2016, “Police Wanted To Track A Mountain Lion But Found This Madness Instead” IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/police-wanted-to-track-a-mountain-lion-but-found-this-madness-instead/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2004, “Federal Aviation Administration: Challenges for Transforming Into a High-Performing Organization”, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Runyan T E, 2017 A Machine Learning Approach to Quantifying Likely Locations of Gas and Gas Hydrate Accumulation, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hanc J, 2017, “Longer and Better” New York Times F4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mueller, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Mueller, 2015; Shedlock and Shen, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shedlock and Shen, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Bernath et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environment and Planning A
Abbreviation	Environ. Plan. A
ISSN (print)	0308-518X
Scope	Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Geography, Planning and Development