How to format your references using the Engineering Optimization citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Engineering Optimization. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bevan, Michael. 2003. “Plant Science. Surprises inside a Green Grass Genome.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 300 (5625): 1514–1515.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hubbell, Jeffrey A., and Ashutosh Chilkoti. 2012. “Chemistry. Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 337 (6092): 303–305.

A journal article with 3 authors

Takahashi, Futoshi, Masaki Matsushima, and Yoshimori Honkura. 2005. “Simulations of a Quasi-Taylor State Geomagnetic Field Including Polarity Reversals on the Earth Simulator.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 309 (5733): 459–461.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Brandon, A. D., M. Humayun, I. S. Puchtel, I. Leya, and M. Zolensky. 2005. “Osmium Isotope Evidence for an S-Process Carrier in Primitive Chondrites.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 309 (5738): 1233–1236.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rabe, Jessica Lynn, and Robert J. Martorana. 2014. Alts Democratized. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Bourgeois, Anu G., and S. Q. Zheng, eds. 2008. Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 8th International Conference, ICA3PP 2008, Cyprus, June 9-11, 2008 Proceedings. Vol. 5022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Lipinski, Piotr, Dariusz Puchala, Agnieszka Wosiak, and Liliana Byczkowska-Lipinska. 2008. “Transformer Monitoring System Taking Advantage of Hybrid Wavelet Fourier Transform.” In Intelligent Computer Techniques in Applied Electromagnetics, edited by Sławomir Wiak, Andrzej Krawczyk, and Ivo Dolezel, 31–36. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Engineering Optimization.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2015. “Camel Antibodies Guide Therapies To Tumors.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/camel-antibodies-guide-treatments-tumors/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2007. Performance and Accountability: Transportation Challenges Facing Congress and the Department of Transportation. GAO-07-545T. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alimo, Craig John. 2010. “From Dialogue to Action: The Development of White Racial Allies.” Doctoral dissertation, College Park, MD: University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, George. 2010. “Coaches Come and Go, Except JoePa.” New York Times, January 13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bevan 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Bevan 2003; Hubbell and Chilkoti 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hubbell and Chilkoti 2012)
Three authors: (Takahashi, Matsushima, and Honkura 2005)
4 or more authors: (Brandon et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Engineering Optimization
Abbreviation	Eng. Optim.
ISSN (print)	0305-215X
ISSN (online)	1029-0273
Scope	Computer Science Applications Management Science and Operations Research Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Applied Mathematics Control and Optimization