How to format your references using the Emerging Contaminants citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Emerging Contaminants. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

D.K. Gifford, Blazing pathways through genetic mountains, Science 293 (2001) 2049–2051.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

N. Zampieri, M.V. Chao, Structural biology. The p75 NGF receptor exposed, Science 304 (2004) 833–834.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

P. Allard, M. Burton, F. Muré, Spectroscopic evidence for a lava fountain driven by previously accumulated magmatic gas, Nature 433 (2005) 407–410.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

H.E. Volkman, T.C. Pozos, J. Zheng, J.M. Davis, J.F. Rawls, L. Ramakrishnan, Tuberculous granuloma induction via interaction of a bacterial secreted protein with host epithelium, Science 327 (2010) 466–469.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

L. Simon, Control of Biological and Drug-Delivery Systems for Chemical, Biomedical, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2013.

An edited book

[1]

B.-Y. Cao, G.-J. Wang, S.-Z. Guo, S.-L. Chen, eds., Fuzzy Information and Engineering 2010: Volume I, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

H. Liu, D. Qian, A Terminal-Sliding-Mode-Based Frequency Regulation, in: X. Hu, Y. Xia, Y. Zhang, D. Zhao (Eds.), Advances in Neural Networks – ISNN 2015: 12th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2015, Jeju, South Korea, October 15-18, 2015, Proceedings, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015: pp. 36–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Emerging Contaminants.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, Flexible Implant Restores Rodent Mobility To Paralyzed Rats, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, FAA Information Resources: Agency Needs to Correct Widespread Deficiencies, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

R. Roy, “Jagoron: Awakening” to Gender in Non Governmental Organizations in Contemporary Bengal, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Wagner, Beleaguered Bullpen Falters Again Even as Harvey Makes Progress, New York Times (2017) B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Emerging Contaminants
Abbreviation	Emerg. Contam.
ISSN (print)	2405-6650
Scope