How to format your references using the Electrical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Electrical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Urquhart K (2002) European research. Directive could give postdocs permanency. Science 298:724

A journal article with 2 authors

Freiwald WA, Tsao DY (2010) Functional compartmentalization and viewpoint generalization within the macaque face-processing system. Science 330:845–851

A journal article with 3 authors

Rosenthal Y, Linsley BK, Oppo DW (2013) Pacific Ocean heat content during the past 10,000 years. Science 342:617–621

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ma T, Kapustin EA, Yin SX, et al (2018) Single-crystal x-ray diffraction structures of covalent organic frameworks. Science 361:48–52

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cauvin C, Escobar F, Serradj A (2010) Cartography and the Impact of the Quantitative Revolution. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Sirisuk P, Morgan F, El-Ghazawi T, Amano H (2010) Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools and Applications: 6th International Symposium, ARC 2010, Bangkok, Thailand, March 17-19, 2010. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Pashiardis P, Georgiou M, Georghiou M (2009) Cyprus. In: Scheerens J (ed) Informal Learning of Active Citizenship at School: An International Comparative Study in Seven European Countries. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 51–74

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Electrical Engineering.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2017) Planetary Harmony Keeps The Trappist-1 System Intact. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/planetary-harmony-keeps-the-trappist-1-system-intact/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988) Space Shuttle: The Future of the Vandenberg Launch Site Needs to Be Determined. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mitra A (2014) Sigma Factor N: A Novel Regulator of Acid Resistance and Locus of Enterocyte Effacement in Escherichia coli O157:H7. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2016) Deftly Conjuring the High Magic of Art. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Electrical Engineering
ISSN (print)	0948-7921
ISSN (online)	1432-0487
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Applied Mathematics General Engineering