How to format your references using the Electrical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Electrical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lister AM (2013) The role of behaviour in adaptive morphological evolution of African proboscideans. Nature 500:331–334

A journal article with 2 authors

Rowland JM, Emlen DJ (2009) Two thresholds, three male forms result in facultative male trimorphism in beetles. Science 323:773–776

A journal article with 3 authors

Klöckner H-R, Baan WA, Garrett MA (2003) Investigation of the obscuring circumnuclear torus in the active galaxy Mrk231. Nature 421:821–823

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Siok WT, Perfetti CA, Jin Z, Tan LH (2004) Biological abnormality of impaired reading is constrained by culture. Nature 431:71–76

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bunnell T (2016) From World City to the World in One City. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Casanovas P, Pagallo U, Sartor G, Ajani G (2010) AI Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems. Complex Systems, the Semantic Web, Ontologies, Argumentation, and Dialogue: International Workshops AICOL-I/IVR-XXIV Beijing, China, September19, 2009 and AICOL-II/JURIX 2009, Rotterdam,The Netherlands, December 16, 2009 Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Howell AJ, Keyes CLM, Passmore H-A (2013) Flourishing Among Children and Adolescents: Structure and Correlates of Positive Mental Health, and Interventions for Its Enhancement. In: Proctor C, Linley PA (eds) Research, Applications, and Interventions for Children and Adolescents: A Positive Psychology Perspective. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 59–79

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Electrical Engineering.

Blog post

Hale T (2015) All-Female Flight Test Crew Asked How They Will Cope Without Make-Up Or Men In Space. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/all-female-moon-flight-test-crew-asked-how-they-will-cope-without-make-or-men-space/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) Public Schools: Comparison of Achievement Results for Students Attending Privately Managed and Traditional Schools in Six Cities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chan BK (2017) Hyperboloid-Parameterized Description of Diffusive Superconducting-Magnetic Hybrid Systems. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines GG (2015) Iceman Comes Out. New York Times C3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Electrical Engineering
ISSN (print)	0948-7921
ISSN (online)	1432-0487
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Applied Mathematics General Engineering