How to format your references using the Electrical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Electrical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grayson M (2015) Cannabis. Nature 525:S1

A journal article with 2 authors

Marcus DM, Grollman AP (2006) Science and government. Review for NCCAM is overdue. Science 313:301–302

A journal article with 3 authors

Richardson AR, Libby SJ, Fang FC (2008) A nitric oxide-inducible lactate dehydrogenase enables Staphylococcus aureus to resist innate immunity. Science 319:1672–1676

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Peleg S, Sananbenesi F, Zovoilis A, et al (2010) Altered histone acetylation is associated with age-dependent memory impairment in mice. Science 328:753–756

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cragg PJ (2006) A Practical Guide to Supramolecular Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Decker BD, Dittmann J, Kraetzer C, Vielhauer C (2013) Communications and Multimedia Security: 14th IFIP TC 6/TC 11 International Conference, CMS 2013, Magdeburg, Germany, September 25-26, 2013. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Heinrich AB (2014) Life Cycle Assessment as Reflected by the International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. In: Klöpffer W (ed) Background and Future Prospects in Life Cycle Assessment. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 145–188

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Electrical Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Scientists Identify Brain Circuit Involved In Social Interaction. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/scientists-identify-brain-circuit-involved-social-interaction/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) Electronic Government: Planned e-Authentication Gateway Faces Formidable Development Challenges. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fonfa SL (2008) The impact of increased security on the employment options and lives of people with severe disabilities. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

MacFARQUHAR N (2016) Russia Charges Minister in an Oil Bribery Scandal. New York Times A10

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Electrical Engineering
ISSN (print)	0948-7921
ISSN (online)	1432-0487
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Applied Mathematics General Engineering