How to format your references using the Eighteenth-Century Life citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Eighteenth-Century Life. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Xie, Yu. “Sociology of Science. ‘Undemocracy’: Inequalities in Science.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 344, no. 6186 (May 23, 2014): 809–10.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jia, Tao, and Albert-László Barabási. “Control Capacity and a Random Sampling Method in Exploring Controllability of Complex Networks.” Scientific Reports 3 (2013): 2354.

A journal article with 3 authors

Green, Stephen A., Marcos Simoes-Costa, and Marianne E. Bronner. “Evolution of Vertebrates as Viewed from the Crest.” Nature 520, no. 7548 (April 23, 2015): 474–82.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Paulot, Fabien, John D. Crounse, Henrik G. Kjaergaard, Andreas Kürten, Jason M. St Clair, John H. Seinfeld, and Paul O. Wennberg. “Unexpected Epoxide Formation in the Gas-Phase Photooxidation of Isoprene.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 325, no. 5941 (August 7, 2009): 730–33.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Evans, Peter William. Top Hat. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

An edited book

Sadiku, Matthew N. O. Performance Analysis of Computer Networks. Edited by Sarhan M. Musa. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Szende, Agota, and Bas Janssen. “Socio-Demographic Indicators Based on EQ-5D.” In Self-Reported Population Health: An International Perspective Based on EQ-5D, edited by Agota Szende, Bas Janssen, and Juan Cabases, 37–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Eighteenth-Century Life.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. “What’s The Benefit In Making Human-Animal Hybrids?” IFLScience. IFLScience, February 3, 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/whats-the-benefit-in-making-human-animal-hybrids/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “Public Transportation: Requirements for Smaller Capital Projects Generally Seen as Less Burdensome.” Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, August 2, 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nguyen, Christine. “A Psychoeducational Support Group for Vietnamese American Family Caregivers of Stroke Survivors: Grant Writing Thesis Proposal.” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum, Michael M. “Writing Partner ‘Flabbergasted’ By Accusations Against Halperin.” New York Times, October 31, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Eighteenth-Century Life
Abbreviation	Eighteenth Century Life
ISSN (print)	0098-2601
ISSN (online)	1086-3192
Scope	History Literature and Literary Theory Visual Arts and Performing Arts Cultural Studies