How to format your references using the Educational Researcher citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Educational Researcher. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Asplund, M. (2008). Astronomy. The shining make-up of our star. Science (New York, N.Y.), 322(5898), 51–52.

A journal article with 2 authors

di Bernardo, D., & Murray, A. (2000). Explaining the T-wave shape in the ECG. Nature, 403(6765), 40.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sang, L., Coller, H. A., & Roberts, J. M. (2008). Control of the reversibility of cellular quiescence by the transcriptional repressor HES1. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5892), 1095–1100.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Khan, P., Saxena, T., Jain, H., & Adarsh, K. V. (2014). Nanosecond light induced, thermally tunable transient dual absorption bands in a-Ge₅As₃₀Se₆₅ thin film. Scientific Reports, 4, 6573.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fiske, J. R., & Fiske, C. A. (2009). The Big Book of Benefit Auctions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Suresh, S. (2013). Supervised Learning with Complex-valued Neural Networks (N. Sundararajan & R. Savitha, Eds.; Vol. 421). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Agarwal, S., Srivastava, A., & Kumar, S. (2010). Urban Health in Developing Countries. In M. C. Gibbons, R. Bali, & N. Wickramasinghe (Eds.), Perspectives of Knowledge Management in Urban Health (pp. 61–94). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Educational Researcher.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2017, April 7). Stargazing Live Leads To Discovery Of Multi-Planet System. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/stargazing-live-leads-to-discovery-of-multi-planet-system/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2005). Aviation Security: Better Planning Needed to Optimize Deployment of Checked Baggage Screening Systems (GAO-05-896T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Denny, H. M. (2012). Impact of Occupational Health Interventions in Indonesia [Doctoral dissertation]. University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY, J. C., Jr. (2017, May 24). Witness Lays Out Events Ending in Brazen Killing. New York Times, A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Asplund, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Asplund, 2008; di Bernardo & Murray, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (di Bernardo & Murray, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Khan et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Educational Researcher
Abbreviation	Educ. Res.
ISSN (print)	0013-189X
ISSN (online)	1935-102X
Scope	Education