How to format your references using the Ecotoxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ecotoxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
Burrows J (2015) Microbiology: Malaria runs rings round artemisinin. Nature 520:628–630
A journal article with 2 authors
Rubenstein DR, Lovette IJ (2009) Reproductive skew and selection on female ornamentation in social species. Nature 462:786–789
A journal article with 3 authors
Ishii H, Sakurai Y, Maruyama T (2014) Effect of soccer shoe upper on ball behaviour in curve kicks. Sci Rep 4:6067
A journal article with 5 or more authors
Brollo MEF, López-Ruiz R, Muraca D, et al (2014) Compact Ag@Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles by means of single-step thermal decomposition reaction. Sci Rep 4:6839

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
Blume SW (2011) High Voltage Protection for Telecommunications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ
An edited book
Sarkar FH (ed) (2014) MicroRNA Targeted Cancer Therapy. Springer International Publishing, Cham
A chapter in an edited book
Chesi S, Giuliani GF (2016) In-plane ferromagnetic instability in a two-dimensional electron liquid in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling. In: Polini M, Vignale G, Pellegrini V, Jain JK (eds) No-nonsense Physicist: An overview of Gabriele Giuliani’s work and life. Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, pp 61–71

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ecotoxicology.

Blog post
Taub B (2016) Why Do We Have Nightmares? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/why-do-we-have-nightmares/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
Government Accountability Office (1998) Year 2000 Computing Crisis: State Department Needs To Make Fundamental Improvements To Its Year 2000 Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
Jackson LI (2017) Empowering African American Youth Who Live in Foster Care: A Grant Proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
Jorden J (2017) ‘Don Giovanni’ in Its Indelible Essence. New York Times C5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Burrows 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Rubenstein and Lovette 2009; Burrows 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

  • Two authors: (Rubenstein and Lovette 2009)
  • Three or more authors: (Brollo et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal titleEcotoxicology
AbbreviationEcotoxicology
ISSN (print)0963-9292
ISSN (online)1573-3017
ScopeHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
General Medicine
Toxicology

Other styles