How to format your references using the Economic Modelling citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Economic Modelling. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kramers, J., 2001. Geology. The smile of the Cheshire cat. Science 293, 619–620.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kleinman, C.L., Majewski, J., 2012. Comment on “Widespread RNA and DNA sequence differences in the human transcriptome.” Science 335, 1302; author reply 1302.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kaiser, U., Schwarz, A., Wiesendanger, R., 2007. Magnetic exchange force microscopy with atomic resolution. Nature 446, 522–525.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Cui, H., Chen, Z., Zhong, S., Wooley, K.L., Pochan, D.J., 2007. Block copolymer assembly via kinetic control. Science 317, 647–650.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Adamczyk, B., 2017. Foundations of Electromagnetic Compatibility. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Rödder, S., Franzen, M., Weingart, P. (Eds.), 2012. The Sciences’ Media Connection –Public Communication and its Repercussions, Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Jain, S., Krishna, S., 2011. Can We Recognize an Innovation? Perspective from an Evolving Network Model, in: Meyer-Ortmanns, H., Thurner, S. (Eds.), Principles of Evolution: From the Planck Epoch to Complex Multicellular Life, The Frontiers Collection. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 145–172.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Economic Modelling.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2014. Fly through distant galaxies with Hubble eXtreme Deep Field [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/fly-through-distant-galaxies-hubble-extreme-deep-field/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1967. Comments on Legality of NASA Contracts (No. B-133394). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zhang, X., 2012. Electroweak interactions and the delta resonance in a chiral effective field theory for nuclei (Doctoral dissertation). Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Tackett, M., 2017. In Trump Country, Incumbent Democrats Toe a Fine Line. New York Times A13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kramers, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Kleinman and Majewski, 2012; Kramers, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kleinman and Majewski, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Cui et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Economic Modelling
Abbreviation	Econ. Model.
ISSN (print)	0264-9993
Scope	Economics and Econometrics