How to format your references using the Earth System Dynamics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth System Dynamics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Snyder, S. H.: Neuroscience. Adam finds an exciting mate, Science, 313, 1744–1745, 2006.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hemberger, M. and Pedersen, R.: Stem cells. Epigenome disruptors, Science, 330, 598–599, 2010.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li, C., Rieppel, O., and LaBarbera, M. C.: A Triassic aquatic protorosaur with an extremely long neck, Science, 305, 1931, 2004.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Vicinanza, C., Aquila, I., Cianflone, E., Scalise, M., Marino, F., Mancuso, T., Fumagalli, F., Giovannone, E. D., Cristiano, F., Iaccino, E., Marotta, P., Torella, A., Latini, R., Agosti, V., Veltri, P., Urbanek, K., Isidori, A. M., Saur, D., Indolfi, C., Nadal-Ginard, B., and Torella, D.: Kitcre knock-in mice fail to fate-map cardiac stem cells, Nature, 555, E1–E5, 2018.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Islam, M. R., Islam, J. S., Zatzman, G. M., Mughal, M. A. H., and Rahman, M. S.: The Greening of Pharmaceutical Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2015.

An edited book

Olivo, M. and Dinish, U. S. (Eds.): Frontiers in Biophotonics for Translational Medicine: In the Celebration of Year of Light (2015), 1st ed. 2016., Springer, Singapore, XII, 354 p. 166 illus., 150 illus. in color pp., 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Liu, D., Li, G., Fan, R., and Guo, G.: Research About Big Data Platform of Electrical Power System, in: Industrial IoT Technologies and Applications: International Conference, Industrial IoT 2016, GuangZhou, China, March 25-26, 2016, Revised Selected Papers, edited by: Wan, J., Humar, I., and Zhang, D., Springer International Publishing, Cham, 36–43, 2016.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth System Dynamics.

Blog post

Climate Change Is Screwing With The Diet Of Yellowstone’s Grizzly Bears: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/climate-change-is-screwing-with-the-diet-of-yellowstones-grizzly-bears/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Higher Education: United States’ and Other Countries’ Strategies for Attracting and Funding International Students, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garraway, O. L.: A study of the relationship between corporate leaders’ beliefs and the firm’s strategic decisions, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Medina, J., Pérez-Peña, R., Schmidt, M. S., and Goodstein, L.: Arms Stockpile Is Found in Home of Two Suspects, New York Times, 3rd December, A1, 2015.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Snyder, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Hemberger and Pedersen, 2010; Snyder, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hemberger and Pedersen, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Vicinanza et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth System Dynamics
Abbreviation	Earth Syst. Dyn.
ISSN (print)	2190-4979
ISSN (online)	2190-4987
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences