How to format your references using the Earth-Science Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth-Science Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Postma, E., 2011. Comment on “Additive genetic breeding values correlate with the load of partially deleterious mutations.” Science 333, 1221.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ardejani, M.S., Orner, B.P., 2013. Materials science. Obey the peptide assembly rules. Science 340, 561–562.

A journal article with 3 authors

Long, S.B., Campbell, E.B., Mackinnon, R., 2005. Crystal structure of a mammalian voltage-dependent Shaker family K+ channel. Science 309, 897–903.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Marshall, N.M., Garner, D.K., Wilson, T.D., Gao, Y.-G., Robinson, H., Nilges, M.J., Lu, Y., 2009. Rationally tuning the reduction potential of a single cupredoxin beyond the natural range. Nature 462, 113–116.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McLaughlin, T.A., 2010. Nonprofit Mergers and Alliances. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Südholt, M., Consel, C. (Eds.), 2007. Object-Oriented Technology. ECOOP 2006 Workshop Reader: ECOOP 2006 Workshops, Nantes, France, July 3-7, 2006, Final Reports, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Frost, W.N., Brandon, C.J., Bruno, A.M., Humphries, M.D., Moore-Kochlacs, C., Sejnowski, T.J., Wang, J., Hill, E.S., 2015. Monitoring Spiking Activity of Many Individual Neurons in Invertebrate Ganglia, in: Canepari, M., Zecevic, D., Bernus, O. (Eds.), Membrane Potential Imaging in the Nervous System and Heart, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 127–145.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth-Science Reviews.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. Trouble Sleeping? Scientists Say Go Camping For The Weekend [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1980. Wider Use of Better Computer Software Technology Can Improve Management Control and Reduce Costs (No. FGMSD-80-38). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shroff, N., 2012. Efficient sensing, summarization and classification of videos (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED, M.J., 2017. ‘Trump Bump’ Gives President a Win in His First 100 Days. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Postma, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Ardejani and Orner, 2013; Postma, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ardejani and Orner, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Marshall et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth-Science Reviews
Abbreviation	Earth Sci. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0012-8252
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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