How to format your references using the Earth Perspectives citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth Perspectives. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lucht RP (2007) Chemistry. Femtosecond lasers for molecular measurements. Science 316:207–208

A journal article with 2 authors

Abraham RG, van Den Bergh S (2001) The morphological evolution of galaxies. Science 293:1273–1278

A journal article with 3 authors

Qvarnström A, Brommer JE, Gustafsson L (2006) Testing the genetics underlying the co-evolution of mate choice and ornament in the wild. Nature 441:84–86

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Qi M, Lidorikis E, Rakich PT, et al (2004) A three-dimensional optical photonic crystal with designed point defects. Nature 429:538–542

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

El-Haik BS (2005) Axiomatic Quality. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Binder C, Codognato G, Teschl M, Xu Y (eds) (2015) Individual and Collective Choice and Social Welfare: Essays in Honor of Nick Baigent. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Roskos K, Burstein K (2013) Print to Pixel: Foundations of an E-Book Instructional Model in Early Literacy. In: Shamir A, Korat O (eds) Technology as a Support for Literacy Achievements for Children at Risk. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 47–57

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth Perspectives.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Glow in the dark piglets could save lives. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/glow-dark-piglets-could-save-lives/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1971) Review of Administration of Selected Aspects of the Student-Tutor Education Program by the National Endowment for the Humanities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Samel C (2014) Imagination and negotiation: Motivations for Cambodian women to marry Cambodian American men. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY J (2017) New York State to Cover Tuition in Cuomo Plan. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lucht 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Abraham and van Den Bergh 2001; Lucht 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Abraham and van Den Bergh 2001)
Three or more authors: (Qi et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth Perspectives
ISSN (online)	2194-6434
Scope