How to format your references using the Drug Resistance Updates citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Drug Resistance Updates. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Axtell, R.L., 2001. Zipf distribution of U.S. firm sizes. Science 293, 1818–1820.

A journal article with 2 authors

Georgianna, D.R., Mayfield, S.P., 2012. Exploiting diversity and synthetic biology for the production of algal biofuels. Nature 488, 329–335.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lu, D., Searles, M.A., Klug, A., 2003. Crystal structure of a zinc-finger-RNA complex reveals two modes of molecular recognition. Nature 426, 96–100.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Li, M., Meng, G., Huang, Q., Zhang, S., 2014. Improved sensitivity of polychlorinated-biphenyl-orientated porous-ZnO surface photovoltage sensors from chemisorption-formed ZnO-CuPc composites. Sci. Rep. 4, 4284.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Alexander, M., Walkenbach, J., 2010. Excel® Dashboards & Reports. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Krasnogor, N., Melián-Batista, M.B., Pérez, J.A.M., Moreno-Vega, J.M., Pelta, D.A. (Eds.), 2009. Nature Inspired Cooperative Strategies for Optimization (NICSO 2008), Studies in Computational Intelligence. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Bo, L., Evangelou, N., Tallantyre, E., 2013. The Neuropathology of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, in: Wilkins, A. (Ed.), Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Springer, London, pp. 51–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Drug Resistance Updates.

Blog post

Andrew, D., 2017. Aboriginal Australians Co-Existed With The Megafauna For At Least 17,000 Years [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/aboriginal-australians-coexisted-with-the-megafauna-for-at-least-17000-years/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1995. Income Security Issue Area: Active Assignments (No. AA-95-14(4)). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Luna, A.C., 2009. Analysis of the California Mental Health Services Act (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodgman, J., 2017. Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman. New York Times MM16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Axtell, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Axtell, 2001; Georgianna and Mayfield, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Georgianna and Mayfield, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Li et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Drug Resistance Updates
Abbreviation	Drug Resist. Updat.
ISSN (print)	1368-7646
Scope	Cancer Research Infectious Diseases Oncology Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology