How to format your references using the Diversity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diversity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

King, D.A. The Scientific Impact of Nations. Nature 2004, 430, 311–316.

A journal article with 2 authors

Guiver, M.D.; Lee, Y.M. Materials Science. Polymer Rigidity Improves Microporous Membranes. Science 2013, 339, 284–285.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ioannou, C.C.; Guttal, V.; Couzin, I.D. Predatory Fish Select for Coordinated Collective Motion in Virtual Prey. Science 2012, 337, 1212–1215.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Li, L.; Wang, L.; Wu, Z.; Yao, L.; Wu, Y.; Huang, L.; Liu, K.; Zhou, X.; Gou, D. Anthocyanin-Rich Fractions from Red Raspberries Attenuate Inflammation in Both RAW264.7 Macrophages and a Mouse Model of Colitis. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 6234.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Imbriale, W.A. Large Antennas of the Deep Space Network; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2005; ISBN 9780471728498.

An edited book

Treating Comorbid Opioid Use Disorder in Chronic Pain; Matthews, A.M., Fellers, J.C., Eds.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2016; ISBN 9783319298610.

A chapter in an edited book

Joarder, R.; Crundwell, N. Case 4. In Case Studies in Chest Imaging; Crundwell, N., Ed.; Springer: London, 2012; pp. 13–15 ISBN 9780857298379.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diversity.

Blog post

Andrew, E. HIV Could Be Evolving Into A Less Deadly Form (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Executive Guide: Measuring Performance and Demonstrating Results of Information Technology Investments (Exposure Draft) (Superseded by AIMD-98-99); U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1997;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Swift, I. The Perceived Effect of Hidden Costs on the Operational Management of Information Technology Outsourcing: A Qualitative Study. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix: Phoenix, AZ, 2011.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hoffman, C. David Lynch Has a Great Idea for a Movie. New York Times 2013, MM26.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diversity
Abbreviation	Diversity (Basel)
ISSN (online)	1424-2818
Scope	Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) Ecological Modelling Ecology Nature and Landscape Conservation