How to format your references using the Diagnostic Cytopathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diagnostic Cytopathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

van Pottelsberghe de la Potterie B. Patent fixes for Europe. Nature. 2010 Sep 23;467(7314):395.

A journal article with 2 authors

Moore MJ, Early GA. Cumulative sperm whale bone damage and the bends. Science. 2004 Dec 24;306(5705):2215.

A journal article with 3 authors

Henikoff S, Ahmad K, Malik HS. The centromere paradox: stable inheritance with rapidly evolving DNA. Science. 2001 Aug 10;293(5532):1098–102.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Harada Y, Takagaki Y, Sunagawa M, Saito T, Yamada L, Taniguchi H, et al. Mechanism of self-sterility in a hermaphroditic chordate. Science. 2008 Apr 25;320(5875):548–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Khanna VK. Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor IGBT Theory and Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

Alam SJ, Parunak HVD, editors. Multi-Agent-Based Simulation XIV: International Workshop, MABS 2013, Saint Paul, MN, USA, May 6-7, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. X, 163 p. 50 illus. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 8235).

A chapter in an edited book

Newcomb B, Hannun YA. Sphingolipids as Mediators of Breast Cancer Progression, Metastasis, Response and Resistance to Chemotherapy. In: Hannun YA, Luberto C, Mao C, Obeid LM, editors. Bioactive Sphingolipids in Cancer Biology and Therapy. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 81–106.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diagnostic Cytopathology.

Blog post

Hale T. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Man Drinks Five Energy Drinks A Day And Develops Hepatitis. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/man-drinks-five-energy-drinks-a-day-and-develops-hepatitis/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Disadvantaged Students: School Districts Have Used Title I Funds Primarily to Support Instruction. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011 Jul. Report No.: GAO-11-595.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Desam JR. Effective Nodal Placement in Overlay Networks Using Complexity Theory [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S. Adaptive Sports Stoke the Competitive Spirit. New York Times. 2002 Jul 29;D8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Diagnostic Cytopathology
Abbreviation	Diagn. Cytopathol.
ISSN (print)	8755-1039
ISSN (online)	1097-0339
Scope	General Medicine Histology Pathology and Forensic Medicine