How to format your references using the Diagnostic Cytopathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diagnostic Cytopathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sun TP. Plant Science. Sex and the single fern. Science. 2014 Oct 24;346(6208):423–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Robles-De-La-Torre G, Hayward V. Force can overcome object geometry in the perception of shape through active touch. Nature. 2001 Jul 26;412(6845):445–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nielsen H, Westhof E, Johansen S. An mRNA is capped by a 2’, 5’ lariat catalyzed by a group I-like ribozyme. Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1584–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Stenman JM, Rajagopal J, Carroll TJ, Ishibashi M, McMahon J, McMahon AP. Canonical Wnt signaling regulates organ-specific assembly and differentiation of CNS vasculature. Science. 2008 Nov 21;322(5905):1247–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brown C. Fibonacci Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Jezierski J. Homotopy Methods in Topological Fixed and Periodic Points Theory. Marzantowicz W, editor. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006. XII, 320 p. (Topological Fixed Point Theory and Its Applications; vol. 3).

A chapter in an edited book

Sukhorebra S. Current State in the Field of Persistent Organic Pollutants Management in Ukraine. In: Bahadir AM, Duca G, editors. The Role of Ecological Chemistry in Pollution Research and Sustainable Development. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009. p. 47–54. (NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diagnostic Cytopathology.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Flowers Are Now Being Grown On The ISS. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/flowers-are-now-being-grown-iss/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Inquiry About the Research Grant To Develop a Portable Computer To Record Traffic Information for Verifying the Accuracy of Charges for Telecommunications Service. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1974 Mar. Report No.: B-180444.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ortega R. Effects of cultural and linguistic differences in breast cancer screening behaviors among elderly Latina women [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Whiteside K. Refusing to Let the Seizures Defeat Him. New York Times. 2017 Sep 18;B8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Diagnostic Cytopathology
Abbreviation	Diagn. Cytopathol.
ISSN (print)	8755-1039
ISSN (online)	1097-0339
Scope	General Medicine Histology Pathology and Forensic Medicine