How to format your references using the Diagnostic Cytopathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diagnostic Cytopathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Where are all the students? Nature. 2002 Nov 21;420(6913):3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Saunders MA, Lea AS. Large contribution of sea surface warming to recent increase in Atlantic hurricane activity. Nature. 2008 Jan 31;451(7178):557–60.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tripati AK, Roberts CD, Eagle RA. Coupling of CO2 and ice sheet stability over major climate transitions of the last 20 million years. Science. 2009 Dec 4;326(5958):1394–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kitano M, Nakaya M, Nakamura T, Nagata S, Matsuda M. Imaging of Rab5 activity identifies essential regulators for phagosome maturation. Nature. 2008 May 8;453(7192):241–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Xiu L. Nanometer Frequency Synthesis Beyond the Phase-Locked Loop. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Ghasemi A. Propagation Engineering in Wireless Communications. 1st ed. Abedi A, Ghasemi F, editors. New York, NY: Springer; 2012. XVII, 434 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Lohmann N, Wolf K. From Artifacts to Activities. In: Bouguettaya A, Sheng QZ, Daniel F, editors. Web Services Foundations. New York, NY: Springer; 2014. p. 109–35.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diagnostic Cytopathology.

Blog post

Andrew D. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017. These Doomsday Shelters For The 1% Make Up The Largest Private Bunker Community On Earth.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. FAA’s Voice Communications and Administrative Computer Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 Apr. Report No.: T-IMTEC-89-3.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sachdev NA. An Evaluation of the District of Columbia Summer Youth Employment Program [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S. Boris Fyodorov, 50, Dies; Guided Reforms in Russia. New York Times. 2008 Nov 22;B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Diagnostic Cytopathology
Abbreviation	Diagn. Cytopathol.
ISSN (print)	8755-1039
ISSN (online)	1097-0339
Scope	General Medicine Histology Pathology and Forensic Medicine