How to format your references using the Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Angel R. Future optical and infrared telescopes. Nature 2001;409:427–30.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Golder SA, Macy MW. Diurnal and seasonal mood vary with work, sleep, and daylength across diverse cultures. Science 2011;333:1878–81.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Blair AC, Fisher ER, Rickey D. IBI* series winner. Discovering nanoscience. Science 2012;337:1056–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Iwase T, Tajima A, Sugimoto S, Okuda K-I, Hironaka I, Kamata Y, et al. A simple assay for measuring catalase activity: a visual approach. Sci Rep 2013;3:3081.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Sturges RH Jr. Practical Field Robotics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Roth BL, editor. The Serotonin Receptors: From Molecular Pharmacology to Human Therapeutics. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Plonsey R, Barr RC. Channels. In: Barr RC, editor. Bioelectricity: A Quantitative Approach, Boston, MA: Springer US; 2007, p. 71–95.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Scientists Solve Decades-Old Lunar Mystery. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/space/man-moon-caused-volcanic-activity-not-asteroid-impact/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Fiscal Year 2011 Agreed-Upon Procedures for Excise Tax Distributions to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Usborne EL. Sediment and phosphorus dynamics behind weirs in agricultural drainage ditches. Doctoral dissertation. Mississippi State University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Fausset R, Robles F, Eligon J. Online Footprint Builds Portrait of Gunman’s Life. New York Times 2016:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Abbreviation	Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract.
ISSN (print)	0168-8227
Scope	Endocrinology General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine