How to format your references using the Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Check E. Abbott’s AIDS fight-back. Nature 2007;448:14.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Butchart N, Scaife AA. Removal of chlorofluorocarbons by increased mass exchange between the stratosphere and troposphere in a changing climate. Nature 2001;410:799–802.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Baker PJ, Harris S, Webbon CC. Effect of British hunting ban on fox numbers. Nature 2002;419:34.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Liu D, Zhang Y, Wen J, Chen Z, Wei D, Hu X, et al. Diffraction interference induced superfocusing in nonlinear Talbot effect. Sci Rep 2014;4:6134.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Henden J. Beating Combat Stress. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Yu S, Guo S, editors. Big Data Concepts, Theories, and Applications. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Smith TW. Of Hats and Scientific Laughter. In: Willis M, editor. Staging Science: Scientific Performance on Street, Stage and Screen, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016, p. 59–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. Astronomers Have Discovered The Furthest Galaxy Cluster Yet, 11 Billion Light-Years From Earth. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomers-have-discovered-the-furthest-galaxy-cluster-yet-11-billion-light-years-from-earth/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. FAA Appropriation Issues. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Luna D. Preventing obesity among foster youth through nutrition and outdoor activities: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Smith R, Chan S. Fatal Concert Blast Is Called Terror. New York Times 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Abbreviation	Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract.
ISSN (print)	0168-8227
Scope	Endocrinology General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine