How to format your references using the Developmental and Comparative Immunology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Developmental and Comparative Immunology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Howard, A., 2014. Building the bionic woman. Science 346, 274.

A journal article with 2 authors

Huebsch, N., Mooney, D.J., 2009. Inspiration and application in the evolution of biomaterials. Nature 462, 426–432.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lambeck, K., Esat, T.M., Potter, E.-K., 2002. Links between climate and sea levels for the past three million years. Nature 419, 199–206.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Garvin, J., Buick, R., Anbar, A.D., Arnold, G.L., Kaufman, A.J., 2009. Isotopic evidence for an aerobic nitrogen cycle in the latest Archean. Science 323, 1045–1048.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ursone, P., 2015. How to Calculate Options Prices and Their Greeks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Hoballah, J.J., Scott-Conner Md Carol E (Eds.), 2012. Operative Dictations in General and Vascular Surgery, Second Edition. ed. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Atwa, A.A., 2014. Entomopathogenic Nematodes as Biopesticides, in: Sahayaraj, K. (Ed.), Basic and Applied Aspects of Biopesticides. Springer India, New Delhi, pp. 69–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Developmental and Comparative Immunology.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Researchers Create First Single-Molecule Diode [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/smallest-diode-ever-leads-us-closer-single-molecule-device/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. Implementation of the Arts and Artifacts Indemnity Act (No. B-115398). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Macy, P., 2017. Underachievement in Gifted Students: Understanding Perceptions of Educational Experiences, Attitudes Toward School, and Teacher Training (Doctoral dissertation). Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pear, R., Kelly, K., 2017. Trump Concedes Health Overhaul Is a Thorny Task. New York Times A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Howard, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Howard, 2014; Huebsch and Mooney, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Huebsch and Mooney, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Garvin et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Developmental and Comparative Immunology
Abbreviation	Dev. Comp. Immunol.
ISSN (print)	0145-305X
Scope	Developmental Biology Immunology

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