How to format your references using the Decisions in Economics and Finance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Decisions in Economics and Finance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Vinge, V.: 2020 computing: the creativity machine. Nature. 440, 411 (2006)

A journal article with 2 authors

Horner-Devine, M.C., Martiny, A.C.: Biogeochemistry. News about nitrogen. Science. 320, 757–758 (2008)

A journal article with 3 authors

Wu, J., Zhang, C., Qiao, H.: The significance of p40 expression in sclerosing hemangioma of lung. Sci. Rep. 4, 6102 (2014)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mills, L.S., Bragina, E.V., Kumar, A.V., Zimova, M., Lafferty, D.J.R., Feltner, J., Davis, B.M., Hackländer, K., Alves, P.C., Good, J.M., Melo-Ferreira, J., Dietz, A., Abramov, A.V., Lopatina, N., Fay, K.: Winter color polymorphisms identify global hot spots for evolutionary rescue from climate change. Science. 359, 1033–1036 (2018)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stenholm, S., Suominen, K.-A.: Quantum Approach to Informatics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2005)

An edited book

Gimpel, H., Jennings, N.R., Kersten, G.E., Ockenfels, A., Weinhardt, C. eds: Negotiation, Auctions, and Market Engineering: International Seminar, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, November 12-17, 2006, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2008)

A chapter in an edited book

Kerr, D., Li, H.: Property (T). In: Li, H. (ed.) Ergodic Theory: Independence and Dichotomies. pp. 131–146. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Decisions in Economics and Finance.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Researchers Getting Closer To Proving Gravitational Waves From Neutron Stars, https://www.iflscience.com/physics/researchers-getting-closer-proving-gravitational-waves-neutron-stars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Computer-Based Patient Records: Sound Planning and Project Management Are Needed to Achieve a Two-Way Exchange of VA and DOD Health Data. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2004)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gonzalez, A.X.: Échale Ganas: Engaging, Educating, and Empowering Latino Males at Four-Year Institutions, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chira, S.: Mixed Signals on the Runways, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Vinge 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Horner-Devine and Martiny 2008; Vinge 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Horner-Devine and Martiny 2008)
Three or more authors: (Mills et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Decisions in Economics and Finance
Abbreviation	Decis. Econ. Finance
ISSN (print)	1593-8883
ISSN (online)	1129-6569
Scope	General Economics, Econometrics and Finance Finance