How to format your references using the Decision Support Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Decision Support Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R. van Woesik, Comment on “Coral reef death during the 1997 Indian Ocean dipole linked to Indonesian wildfires,” Science 303 (2004) 1297; author reply 1297.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R.A. Schneider, J.A. Helms, The cellular and molecular origins of beak morphology, Science 299 (2003) 565–568.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Lappe, H. Awater, B. Krekelberg, Postsaccadic visual references generate presaccadic compression of space, Nature 403 (2000) 892–895.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

D.C. Knauth, S.R. Federman, D.L. Lambert, P. Crane, Newly synthesized lithium in the interstellar medium, Nature 405 (2000) 656–658.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. Joyner, Integration Marketing, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2009.

An edited book

[1]

R.S. Verma, B. Bonavida, eds., Resistance to Immunotoxins in Cancer Therapy, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Lindquist, K.L. Allendoerfer, Simple Cellular Solutions to Complex Problems, in: P.H.S. George-Hyslop, W.C.C. Mobley, Y. Christen (Eds.), Intracellular Traffic and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009: pp. 41–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Decision Support Systems.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, New smart contact lens could monitor glucose for diabetics, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-smart-contact-lens-could-monitor-glucose-diabetics/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, GAO and Federal Government ADP Procurement, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

H. Jin, Periodic Motions and Bifurcation Tree in a Periodically Excited Duffing Oscillator with Time-delay, Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Gaitskill, An Unknowable Truth, New York Times (2015) M2174.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Decision Support Systems
Abbreviation	Decis. Support Syst.
ISSN (print)	0167-9236
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Management Information Systems Information Systems Information Systems and Management Developmental and Educational Psychology