How to format your references using the Decision Support Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Decision Support Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M.C. Liu, Substructure in the circumstellar disk around the young star AU Microscopii, Science 305 (2004) 1442–1444.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

P.A. Stott, P.W. Thorne, How best to log local temperatures?, Nature 465 (2010) 158–159.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

H. Kuba, T.M. Ishii, H. Ohmori, Axonal site of spike initiation enhances auditory coincidence detection, Nature 444 (2006) 1069–1072.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. Thakkar, N. Nanaware-Kharade, R. Celikel, E.C. Peterson, K.I. Varughese, Affinity improvement of a therapeutic antibody to methamphetamine and amphetamine through structure-based antibody engineering, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 3673.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Institute of Management and Administration (IOMA), Cost Reduction and Control Best Practices, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

X.-H. Sun, W. Qu, I. Stojmenovic, W. Zhou, Z. Li, H. Guo, G. Min, T. Yang, Y. Wu, L. Liu, eds., Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 14th International Conference, ICA3PP 2014, Dalian, China, August 24-27, 2014. Proceedings, Part I, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

T. Ugurlu, A. Zeitler, A. Kheyrollahi, HttpClient, in: A. Zeitler, A. Kheyrollahi (Eds.), Pro ASP.NET Web API: HTTP Web Services in ASP.NET, Apress, Berkeley, CA, 2013: pp. 75–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Decision Support Systems.

Blog post

[1]

R. Andrews, Hidden Layers Have Been Found In The Tomb Of Jesus Christ, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/hidden-layers-found-tomb-jesus-christ/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Bureau of Indian Affairs Contracts for Automatic Data Processing Management Services, and for Development of a Management Information System at the Colorado River Indian Reservation, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

R. Randall, Department of Children and Family Services workers’ knowledge of childhood obesity and services for obese children, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L. Saslow, Supervisor for the Short Term in Brookhaven, New York Times (2009) LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Decision Support Systems
Abbreviation	Decis. Support Syst.
ISSN (print)	0167-9236
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Management Information Systems Information Systems Information Systems and Management Developmental and Educational Psychology