How to format your references using the Decision Support Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Decision Support Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

C.J. Marx, Microbiology. Getting in touch with your friends, Science 324 (2009) 1150–1151.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M.R. Wallenfang, G. Seydoux, Polarization of the anterior-posterior axis of C. elegans is a microtubule-directed process, Nature 408 (2000) 89–92.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J. Sund, M. Andér, J. Aqvist, Principles of stop-codon reading on the ribosome, Nature 465 (2010) 947–950.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S.W. Grill, P. Gönczy, E.H. Stelzer, A.A. Hyman, Polarity controls forces governing asymmetric spindle positioning in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, Nature 409 (2001) 630–633.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Qu, Manufacturing and Managing Customer-Driven Derivatives, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

A. Kwiecień, P. Gaj, P. Stera, eds., Computer Networks: 17th Conference, CN 2010, Ustroń, Poland, June 15-19, 2010. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Borsdorf, C. Stadel, Ethnic and Demographic Structures and Processes, in: C. Stadel (Ed.), The Andes: A Geographical Portrait, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015: pp. 133–154.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Decision Support Systems.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, SpaceX Wins Permission To Launch Government Satellites, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/space/spacex-wins-permission-launch-government-satellites/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Highway Infrastructure: Quality Improvements Would Safeguard Billions of Dollars Already Invested, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C. Rutherford, The education of Dr. Khalil Totah, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S.M. Nir, J. Barron, Relief and Trepidation as Ride-Hailing Services Become Legal Across New York, New York Times (2017) A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Decision Support Systems
Abbreviation	Decis. Support Syst.
ISSN (print)	0167-9236
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Management Information Systems Information Systems Information Systems and Management Developmental and Educational Psychology