How to format your references using the Current Problems in Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Problems in Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chemler SR. Chemistry. Copper’s contribution to amination catalysis. Science. 2013;341(6146):624-626.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lehner N, Howk JC. A reservoir of ionized gas in the galactic halo to sustain star formation in the Milky Way. Science. 2011;334(6058):955-958.

A journal article with 3 authors

Finn CA, Sisson TW, Deszcz-Pan M. Aerogeophysical measurements of collapse-prone hydrothermally altered zones at Mount Rainier volcano. Nature. 2001;409(6820):600-603.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Brown KN, Chen S, Han Z, et al. Clonal production and organization of inhibitory interneurons in the neocortex. Science. 2011;334(6055):480-486.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Krichen S, Chaouachi J. Graph-Related Optimization and Decision Support Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

Fouché G. Accelerated VB 2008. (Nash T, ed.). Apress; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Battaglia E. Anatomia e fisiologia dell’apparato cardio-respiratorio. In: Baghin A, ed. Annegamento Soccorso Tecnico e Sanitario. Springer; 2009:17-57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Problems in Cardiology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Astronomers Spot Millions Of Stars Forming In Small Nearby Galaxy. IFLScience. March 19, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/small-galaxy-hosts-giant-star-forming-region/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Child Support Enforcement: Leadership Essential to Implementing Effective Automated Systems. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McCullough J. Functional Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction. A Retrospective Study to Determine If These Factors Are Correlated in a Clinical Setting. A Project Report. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy S. Feeding More for Less in Niger. New York Times. August 19, 2005:A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Problems in Cardiology
Abbreviation	Curr. Probl. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	0146-2806
Scope	General Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine