How to format your references using the Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gwynne P. Diagnostics: The new risk predictors. Nature. 2013;493:S7-8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Yurimoto H, Kuramoto K. Molecular cloud origin for the oxygen isotope heterogeneity in the solar system. Science. 2004;305:1763–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Abundo C, Monterola C, Legara EF. Criticality of forcing directions on the fragmentation and resilience of grid networks. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6195.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Chamberlain NL, Hill RI, Kapan DD, Gilbert LE, Kronforst MR. Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. 2009;326:847–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Stein PD. Pulmonary Embolism. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

1. Bárcena E, Read T, Arús J, editors. Languages for Specific Purposes in the Digital Era. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Skevik K-A, Goebel V, Plagemann T. Design, Prototype, and Evaluation of a Network Monitoring Library. In: Rong C, Jaatun MG, Sandnes FE, Yang LT, Ma J, editors. Autonomic and Trusted Computing: 5th International Conference, ATC 2008, Oslo, Norway, June 23-25, 2008 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 21–35.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Solar Activity Could Cause Lightning Storms On Earth [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/solar-activity-could-cause-lightning-storms-earth/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. U.S.-EC Aircraft Agreement. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993 Jun. Report No.: GGD-93-41R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. McCourt SB. A phenomenological study of anticipated housing, healthcare, and biopsychosocial needs of aging female baby boomers [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kishkovsky S. New Yorkers in Moscow Follow Stanislavsky’s Path. New York Times. 2005 May 21;B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports
Abbreviation	Curr. Otorhinolaryngol. Rep.
ISSN (online)	2167-583X
Scope