How to format your references using the Current Osteoporosis Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Osteoporosis Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gewin V. With the United States on high alert over the possibility of bioterror attacks, epidemiologists are in huge demand. Nature. 2003;423:784–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Fraser PJ, Shelmerdine RL. Dogfish hair cells sense hydrostatic pressure. Nature. 2002;415:495–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Gembris D, Taylor JG, Suter D. Trends and random fluctuations in athletics. Nature. 2002;417:506.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Agliari E, Barra A, Burioni R, Di Biasio A, Uguzzoni G. Collective behaviours: from biochemical kinetics to electronic circuits. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3458.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Tiwari A, Gerhardt RA, Szutkowska M. Advanced Ceramic Materials. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

1. Schmitt A. Towards Adaptive Spoken Dialog Systems. Minker W, editor. New York, NY: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Stan A, Pop F-C, Cremene M, Giurgiu M, Pallez D. Interactive Intonation Optimisation Using CMA-ES and DCT Parameterisation of the F0 Contour for Speech Synthesis. In: Pelta DA, Krasnogor N, Dumitrescu D, Chira C, Lung R, editors. Nature Inspired Cooperative Strategies for Optimization (NICSO 2011). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 57–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Osteoporosis Reports.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. 23,000 People In The US End Up In ER Every Year Because Of Supplements [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/23000-people-us-end-er-annually-because-supplements/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Urban Mass Transportation Administration’s Enforcement of Buy America Provisions of the Surface Transportation Assistance Act. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988 May. Report No.: T-RCED-88-33.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Xiao EA. Understanding Employment to Entrepreneurship Transitions among Women Working in the Tech Industry [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Vecsey G. England vs. United States: The Beauty of Anticipation. New York Times. 2010 Jun 10;B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Osteoporosis Reports
Abbreviation	Curr. Osteoporos. Rep.
ISSN (print)	1544-1873
ISSN (online)	1544-2241
Scope	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism