How to format your references using the Cryogenics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cryogenics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Smaglik P. Small world, big opportunities. Nature 2002;418:4–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Gold JI, Shadlen MN. Representation of a perceptual decision in developing oculomotor commands. Nature 2000;404:390–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Ye K, Cong B, Ye D. The possible subduction of continental material to depths greater than 200 km. Nature 2000;407:734–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Liu Y, Granet D, Lin H, Baxter S, Ouyang H, Zhu J, et al. Liu et al. reply. Nature 2018;556:E3–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ishiyama JT. Comparative Politics. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Cheng S-M, Day M-Y, editors. Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence: 19th International Conference, TAAI 2014, Taipei, Taiwan, November 21-23, 2014. Proceedings. vol. 8916. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Amaris H, Alonso M, Ortega CA. Voltage Stability in Power Networks with Wind Power Generation. In: Alonso M, Alvarez Ortega C, editors. Reactive Power Management of Power Networks with Wind Generation, London: Springer; 2013, p. 77–95.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cryogenics.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. The Future Is Bright, The Future Is … Quantum Dot Televisions. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/future-bright-future-quantum-dot-televisions/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Institutional Aid Under Title III of the Higher Education Act of 1965. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Shenasi SY. The Roots of Music Therapy: Healing the Wounds of the Psyche. Doctoral dissertation. Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Apuzzo M, Goldman A, Schmidt MS, Rosenberg M. Mueller Inquiry Unveils Charges and a Russia Link. New York Times 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cryogenics
Abbreviation	Cryogenics (Guildf.)
ISSN (print)	0011-2275
Scope	General Materials Science General Physics and Astronomy