How to format your references using the Criminal Law and Philosophy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Criminal Law and Philosophy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hansen, B. (2000). A bright future for dark matter. Nature, 403(6765), 30–31.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kossinets, G., & Watts, D. J. (2006). Empirical analysis of an evolving social network. Science (New York, N.Y.), 311(5757), 88–90.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nateri, A. S., Spencer-Dene, B., & Behrens, A. (2005). Interaction of phosphorylated c-Jun with TCF4 regulates intestinal cancer development. Nature, 437(7056), 281–285.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Kumar, P. R., Yu, Y., Sternglanz, R., Johnston, S. A., & Joshua-Tor, L. (2008). NADP regulates the yeast GAL induction system. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5866), 1090–1092.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gupta, S. K. (2010). Modern Hydrology and Sustainable Water Development. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Rustemeyer, T., Elsner, P., John, S.-M., & Maibach, H. I. (Eds.). (2012). Kanerva’s Occupational Dermatology (2nd ed.). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Burgess, E. W. (2008). The Growth of the City: An Introduction to a Research Project. In J. M. Marzluff, E. Shulenberger, W. Endlicher, M. Alberti, G. Bradley, C. Ryan, et al. (Eds.), Urban Ecology: An International Perspective on the Interaction Between Humans and Nature (pp. 71–78). Boston, MA: Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Criminal Law and Philosophy.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016, July 12). This “Frankenstein” Galaxy Is Made Up Of Bits Of Other Galaxies. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1998). Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Strong Leadership and Effective Partnerships Needed to Reduce Likelihood of Adverse Impact (No. T-AIMD-98-277). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sutherland, C. E. (2013). Positive deviance during organization change: Researchers’ social construction of expanded university goals (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lyman, R. (2017, September 25). Polish President Offers Plan to End Court Crisis, but the Response Is Tepid. New York Times, p. A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hansen 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Hansen 2000; Kossinets and Watts 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kossinets and Watts 2006)
Three or more authors: (Kumar et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Criminal Law and Philosophy
ISSN (print)	1871-9791
ISSN (online)	1871-9805
Scope