How to format your references using the Conservation Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Conservation Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sabadini R. 2002. Paleoclimate. Ice sheet collapse and sea level change. Science (New York, N.Y.) 295:2376–2377.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kalaany NY, Sabatini DM. 2009. Tumours with PI3K activation are resistant to dietary restriction. Nature 458:725–731.

A journal article with 3 authors

Healy D, Jones RR, Holdsworth RE. 2006. Three-dimensional brittle shear fracturing by tensile crack interaction. Nature 439:64–67.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Asfaw B, Gilbert WH, Beyene Y, Hart WK, Renne PR, WoldeGabriel G, Vrba ES, White TD. 2002. Remains of Homo erectus from Bouri, Middle Awash, Ethiopia. Nature 416:317–320.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sauter M. 2014. From GSM to LTE-Advanced. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Astuto M, Ingelmo PM, editors. 2016. Perioperative Medicine in Pediatric Anesthesia1st ed. 2016. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Bouchekif A, Damnati G, Charlet D. 2013. Complementarity of Lexical Cohesion and Speaker Role Information for Story Segmentation of French TV Broadcast News. Pages 51–61 in Dediu A-H, Martín-Vide C, Mitkov R, Truthe B, editors. Statistical Language and Speech Processing: First International Conference, SLSP 2013, Tarragona, Spain, July 29-31, 2013. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Conservation Biology.

Blog post

Andrews R. 2016, June 10. Is Female Ejaculation Real? IFLScience. Available from https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-exactly-female-ejaculation/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1991. Supercomputing in Industry. T-IMTEC-91-3. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Works RF. 2016. Econometric modeling of exchange rate determinants by market classification: An empirical analysis of Japan and South Korea using the sticky-price monetary theory. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. 2017, February 2. An Attack’s Fresh Resonance. New York Times:C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sabadini 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Sabadini 2002; Kalaany & Sabatini 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kalaany & Sabatini 2009)
Three or more authors: (Asfaw et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Conservation Biology
Abbreviation	Conserv. Biol.
ISSN (print)	0888-8892
ISSN (online)	1523-1739
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology Nature and Landscape Conservation