How to format your references using the Conflict and Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Conflict and Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Powell K. Age is no barrier. Nature. 2004;432:40–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Jones JH, Handcock MS. Social networks: Sexual contacts and epidemic thresholds. Nature. 2003;423:605–6; discussion 606.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Garcia P, Armstrong R, Zaman MH. Models of education in medicine, public health, and engineering. Science. 2014;345:1281–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Osama A, Najam A, Kassim-Lakha S, Zulfiqar Gilani S, King C. Pakistan’s reform experiment. Nature. 2009;461:38–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bouvier J-M, Campanella OH. Extrusion Processing Technology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Marghoob AA, editor. Nevogenesis: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications of Nevus Development. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Hong Y, Fang J, Tao Y. Ground Control Station Development for Autonomous UAV. In: Xiong C, Liu H, Huang Y, Xiong Y, editors. Intelligent Robotics and Applications: First International Conference, ICIRA 2008 Wuhan, China, October 15-17, 2008 Proceedings, Part II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 36–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Conflict and Health.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Bacterial Communication Signals Altered To Battle Pancreatic Cancer [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/bacterial-communication-signals-altered-battle-pancreatic-cancer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Highway Safety: Monitoring Practices To Show Compliance With Speed Limits Should Be Reexamined. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988 Mar. Report No.: RCED-88-93BR.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Winton TW. Student and Teacher Perceptions of Standards-based Grading and Student Performance [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Eligon J. Bored, Broke and Armed: The Seeds of South Side Gang Violence. New York Times. 2016 Dec 22;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Conflict and Health
Abbreviation	Confl. Health
ISSN (online)	1752-1505
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Health(social science)