How to format your references using the Computers and Mathematics with Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Computers and Mathematics with Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

H.M. Alexander, Ecology: Shared ancestry predicts disease levels, Nature 520 (2015) 446–447.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C.R. Herlihy, C.G. Eckert, Genetic cost of reproductive assurance in a self-fertilizing plant, Nature 416 (2002) 320–323.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

R.B. Alexander, R.A. Smith, G.E. Schwarz, Effect of stream channel size on the delivery of nitrogen to the Gulf of Mexico, Nature 403 (2000) 758–761.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P.M. Cox, P.P. Harris, C. Huntingford, R.A. Betts, M. Collins, C.D. Jones, T.E. Jupp, J.A. Marengo, C.A. Nobre, Increasing risk of Amazonian drought due to decreasing aerosol pollution, Nature 453 (2008) 212–215.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Minoli, A Networking Approach to Grid Computing, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2004.

An edited book

[1]

R. Carachi, J.L. Grosfeld, eds., The Surgery of Childhood Tumors, 3rd ed. 2016, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

R. Senani, D.R. Bhaskar, A.K. Singh, V.K. Singh, Synthesis of Sinusoidal Oscillators Using CFOAs, in: D.R. Bhaskar, A.K. Singh, V.K. Singh (Eds.), Current Feedback Operational Amplifiers and Their Applications, Springer, New York, NY, 2013: pp. 131–179.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Computers and Mathematics with Applications.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Antifreeze from Ticks Offer Frostbite Protection for Mice, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/antifreeze-ticks-offer-frostbite-protection-mice/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Wood Utilization: Federal Research and Product Development Activities, Support, and Technology Transfer, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

S.R. Abraham, Using Self-Monitoring and Goal Setting to Increase Swimming in Adults, Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Kenigsberg, Film Series, New York Times (2017) C20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Computers and Mathematics with Applications
Abbreviation	Comput. Math. Appl.
ISSN (print)	0898-1221
Scope	Computational Theory and Mathematics Computational Mathematics Modelling and Simulation