How to format your references using the Computer Vision and Image Understanding citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Computer Vision and Image Understanding. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stevens, M.J., 2014. Materials science. How shape affects microtubule and nanoparticle assembly. Science 343, 981–982.

A journal article with 2 authors

Elimelech, M., Phillip, W.A., 2011. The future of seawater desalination: energy, technology, and the environment. Science 333, 712–717.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rafkin, S.C.R., Sta Maria, M.R.V., Michaels, T.I., 2002. Simulation of the atmospheric thermal circulation of a martian volcano using a mesoscale numerical model. Nature 419, 697–699.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Song, N.-N., Yang, H.-T., Liu, H.-L., Ren, X., Ding, H.-F., Zhang, X.-Q., Cheng, Z.-H., 2013. Exceeding natural resonance frequency limit of monodisperse Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles via superparamagnetic relaxation. Sci. Rep. 3, 3161.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Püschl, W., 2012. Physik des Segelns. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Haas, M. (Ed.), 2006. Management of Innovation in Network Industries: The Mobile Internet in Japan and Europe. DUV, Wiesbaden.

A chapter in an edited book

Atweh, B., 2011. Quality and Equity in Mathematics Education as Ethical Issues, in: Atweh, B., Graven, M., Secada, W., Valero, P. (Eds.), Mapping Equity and Quality in Mathematics Education. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 63–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Computer Vision and Image Understanding.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2017. Alzheimer’s Drug Could Be Used To Naturally Regenerate Teeth [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1984. Observations on the FBI’s Interstate Identification Index (No. GGD-85-4). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hester, E.T., 2008. Impact of geomorphic structures on hyporheic exchange, temperature, and ecological processes in streams (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W., Cooper, M., 2011. Illinois Pension Bonds to Test Investors’ Faith. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stevens, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Elimelech and Phillip, 2011; Stevens, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Elimelech and Phillip, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Song et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Abbreviation	Comput. Vis. Image Underst.
ISSN (print)	1077-3142
Scope	Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Signal Processing Software