How to format your references using the Composite Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Composite Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Bruno JF. Ecology. How do coral reefs recover? Science 2014;345:879–80.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Žutić I, Cernĕ J. Physics. Chameleon magnets. Science 2011;332:1040–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Pornillos O, Ganser-Pornillos BK, Yeager M. Atomic-level modelling of the HIV capsid. Nature 2011;469:424–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Saarela JM, Rai HS, Doyle JA, Endress PK, Mathews S, Marchant AD, et al. Hydatellaceae identified as a new branch near the base of the angiosperm phylogenetic tree. Nature 2007;446:312–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Saadoun AP. Esthetic Soft Tissue Management of Teeth and Implants. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,.; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Mukhopadhyay SC, Huang RYM, editors. Sensors: Advancements in Modeling, Design Issues, Fabrication and Practical Applications. vol. 21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Janke JR, Bellisario A. Geospatial Techniques to Assess High Mountain Hazards: A Case Study on California Rock Glacier and an Application for Management in the Andes. In: Hoalst-Pullen N, Patterson MW, editors. Geospatial Technologies in Environmental Management, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010, p. 65–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Composite Structures.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. Galactic “Eyelids” Spotted In Distant Galaxy Merger. IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Readiness of Key State-Administered Federal Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Neal DJ. Prehospital Patient Triage in Mass Casualty Incidents: An engineering management analysis and prototype strategy recommendation. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Burton S. How to Talk to Strangers. New York Times 2015:MM34.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Composite Structures
Abbreviation	Compos. Struct.
ISSN (print)	0263-8223
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Ceramics and Composites