How to format your references using the Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wadsworth P (2003) Cell biology. Persistence pays. Science 300:1675–1677

A journal article with 2 authors

Haldar A, Shenoy VB (2014) Cooling a band insulator with a metal: fermionic superfluid in a dimerized holographic lattice. Sci Rep 4:6655

A journal article with 3 authors

Lind PA, Berg OG, Andersson DI (2010) Mutational robustness of ribosomal protein genes. Science 330:825–827

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fernández-Chacón R, Königstorfer A, Gerber SH, et al (2001) Synaptotagmin I functions as a calcium regulator of release probability. Nature 410:41–49

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Katsilambros N, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Liatis S, et al (2011) Diabetic Emergencies. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Erozan YS (2014) Pulmonary Cytopathology, 2nd ed. 2014. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Alapati SR, Kuhn D, Padfield B (2011) Monitoring System Performance. In: Kuhn D, Padfield B (eds) Oracle Database 11g Performance Tuning Recipes: A Problem-Solution Approach. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp 113–145

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Woman Gives Birth After Having Frozen Ovarian Tissue Re-Implanted In UK First. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/woman-gives-birth-after-having-frozen-ovarian-tissue-reimplanted-in-uk-first/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Status of Airports’ Efforts to Deal with Date Change Problem. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Husted CL (2008) Systematic differentiation between Dark and Light Leaders: Is a corporate criminal profile possible? Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chira S (2017) New Era After O’Reilly? Women Aren’t So Sure. New York Times B7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wadsworth 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Wadsworth 2003; Haldar and Shenoy 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Haldar and Shenoy 2014)
Three or more authors: (Fernández-Chacón et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling
Abbreviation	Complex Adapt. Syst. Model.
ISSN (online)	2194-3206
Scope