How to format your references using the Comparative Population Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Comparative Population Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bhatia, Mickie 2010: Developmental Biology. Microenvironment Mimicry. In: Science (New York, N.Y.) 329,5995: 1024–1025.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tenopir, C.; King, D.W. 2001: Lessons for the Future of Journals. In: Nature 413,6857: 672–674.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mézard, M.; Parisi, G.; Zecchina, R. 2002: Analytic and Algorithmic Solution of Random Satisfiability Problems. In: Science (New York, N.Y.) 297,5582: 812–815.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Miller, Christopher R. et al. 2013: Reversible Redox Effect on Gas Permeation of Cobalt Doped Ethoxy Polysiloxane (ES40) Membranes. In: Scientific Reports 3: 1648.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Langton, Roy 2006: Stability and Control of Aircraft Systems. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An edited book

Tamir, Dan E.; Rishe, Naphtali D.; Kandel, Abraham (Eds.) 2015: Fifty Years of Fuzzy Logic and Its Applications. Volume 326. Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Ferro, Nicola; Silvello, Gianmaria 2014: CLEF 15th Birthday: What Can We Learn From Ad Hoc Retrieval? In: Kanoulas, Evangelos et al. (Eds.): Information Access Evaluation. Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction: 5th International Conference of the CLEF Initiative, CLEF 2014, Sheffield, UK, September 15-18, 2014. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing: 31–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Comparative Population Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise 2014: Meet Rhinorex: The Aptly-Named “King Nose” Hadrosaur. IFLScience. IFLScience. [https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/meet-rhinorex-aptly-named-king-nose-hadrosaur/, 30.10.2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1991: Aerospace Plane Technology: Research and Development Efforts in Europe. NSIAD-91-194. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Patel, Vishal M. 2010: Sparse and Redundant Representations for Inverse Problems and Recognition. Doctoral Dissertation. College Park, MD: University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, Sophia 1998: With a New Western Arrival, Moscow Rocks. In: New York Times 1.11.1998: 235.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bhatia 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Bhatia 2010; Tenopir/King 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tenopir/King 2001)
Three or more authors: (Miller et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Comparative Population Studies
ISSN (print)	1869-8980
ISSN (online)	1869-8999
Scope