How to format your references using the Cognitive Therapy and Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cognitive Therapy and Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sohn, E. (2015). Israel: Research without prejudice. Nature, 525(7570), S12-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pucadyil, T. J., & Schmid, S. L. (2009). Conserved functions of membrane active GTPases in coated vesicle formation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5945), 1217–1220.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dong, J., Yang, G., & McHaourab, H. S. (2005). Structural basis of energy transduction in the transport cycle of MsbA. Science (New York, N.Y.), 308(5724), 1023–1028.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Nakazaki, T., Okumoto, Y., Horibata, A., Yamahira, S., Teraishi, M., Nishida, H., et al. (2003). Mobilization of a transposon in the rice genome. Nature, 421(6919), 170–172.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Powsner, R. A., Palmer, M. R., & Powsner, E. R. (2013). Essentials of Nuclear Medicine Physics and Instrumentation. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Dobbertin, H., Rijmen, V., & Sowa, A. (Eds.). (2005). Advanced Encryption Standard – AES: 4th International Conference, AES 2004, Bonn, Germany, May 10-12, 2004, Revised Selected and Invited Papers (Vol. 3373). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Seitz, J., & Zorn, S. (2016). Perspectives of Programmatic Advertising. In O. Busch (Ed.), Programmatic Advertising: The Successful Transformation to Automated, Data-Driven Marketing in Real-Time (pp. 37–51). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cognitive Therapy and Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, February 12). Schrödinger’s Cat Gets A Reality Check. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/schr-dinger-s-cat-gets-reality-check/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1978). The Congress Should Clearly Define the National Weather Service’s Role To Provide Specialized Weather Services (No. CED-78-77). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ellerbrook, S. L. (2009). Exploring the efficiency and effectiveness of teacher selection tools: The effects on the total group with a focus on the gender sub-groups (Doctoral dissertation). Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2001, May 13). Writers Are Halted Mid-Sentence as a Y Cancels Classes. New York Times, p. 147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sohn 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Pucadyil and Schmid 2009; Sohn 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pucadyil and Schmid 2009)
Three or more authors: (Nakazaki et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Cognitive Therapy and Research
Abbreviation	Cognit. Ther. Res.
ISSN (print)	0147-5916
ISSN (online)	1573-2819
Scope	Clinical Psychology Experimental and Cognitive Psychology