How to format your references using the Cognitive Therapy and Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cognitive Therapy and Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Churchland, P. S. (2002). Self-representation in nervous systems. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5566), 308–310.

A journal article with 2 authors

Duncan, R. P., & Williams, P. A. (2002). Ecology: Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis challenged. Nature, 417(6889), 608–609.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rannou, P., Hourdin, F., & McKay, C. P. (2002). A wind origin for Titan’s haze structure. Nature, 418(6900), 853–856.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Sharples, J. M., Meharg, A. A., Chambers, S. M., & Cairney, J. W. (2000). Symbiotic solution to arsenic contamination. Nature, 404(6781), 951–952.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gregory, J. (2014). Central Counterparties. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Bracco, G., & Holst, B. (Eds.). (2013). Surface Science Techniques (Vol. 51). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Park, H., & Sandefur, G. (2010). Educational Gaps Between Immigrant and Native Students in Europe: The Role of Grade. In J. Dronkers (Ed.), Quality and Inequality of Education: Cross-National Perspectives (pp. 113–136). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cognitive Therapy and Research.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2015, June 18). Baboons Make Democratic Decisions About Where to Go. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2007). Freight Railroads: Updated Information on Rates and Competition Issues (No. GAO-07-1245T). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Adams, T. A. (2012). Improving Scores on Computerized Reading Assessments: The Effects of Colored Overlay Use (Doctoral dissertation). Northcentral University, Scottsdale, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Blecher, G. (2016, November 24). The Diners Fade Away. New York Times, p. MB1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Churchland 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Churchland 2002; Duncan and Williams 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Duncan and Williams 2002)
Three or more authors: (Sharples et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Cognitive Therapy and Research
Abbreviation	Cognit. Ther. Res.
ISSN (print)	0147-5916
ISSN (online)	1573-2819
Scope	Clinical Psychology Experimental and Cognitive Psychology